{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T16:42:58Z","timestamp":1786293778154,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Steinernema carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an entomopathogenic nematode widely studied for its properties as a biocontrol agent in insect pest management and as a model for understanding bacterial symbioses. Less attention has been given to the development of specific anatomical structures within\n                    <jats:italic>S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . A better understanding of entomopathogenic nematode development and anatomy may lead to improved biocontrol efficacy. We recently demonstrated that the neuroanatomy of\n                    <jats:italic>S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    IJs differs from the dauer stage of\n                    <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Here, we used in vitro cultures of\n                    <jats:italic>S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    to examine the early development of the ventral nerve cord (VNC). Similar to\n                    <jats:italic>C. elegans, S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    hatches as a J1 with a VNC containing only a fraction of the neurons found in later developmental stages. During J1 development,\n                    <jats:italic>S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    adds additional cells to the VNC to establish the complete set of neurons. During our examination of the VNC, we also noted variable gonad arm development among\n                    <jats:italic>S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    individuals. Using synchronized in vitro cultures, we found that the gonad migration pattern in\n                    <jats:italic>S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    was distinct from both\n                    <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the Diplogaster nematode\n                    <jats:italic>Pristionchus pacificus.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The\n                    <jats:italic>S. carpocapsae<\/jats:italic>\n                    gonad arm migration was highly variable.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21307\/jofnem-2018-005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T03:11:06Z","timestamp":1531365066000},"page":"27-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Postembryonic Ventral Nerve Cord Development and Gonad Migration in\n                    <i>Steinernema carpocapsae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.2478","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Hung Xuan","family":"Bui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana IL, 61801 , Kolkata India"},{"name":"International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777 , Metro Manila , Philippines"},{"name":"Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Applied Biology, Can Tho University , Can Tho , Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan E.","family":"Schroeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana IL, 61801 , Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_001","unstructured":"Antebi, A., Norris, C.R., Hedgecock, E.M., and Garriga, G. 1997. Cell and growth cone migrations, in Riddle, D.L. (Ed.), C. elegans II, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY pp. 583\u2013609."},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ciche, T.A., and Sternberg, P.W. 2007. Postembryonic RNAi in Heterorhabditis bacteriophora: a nematode insect parasite and host for insect pathogenic symbionts. BMC Developmental Biology 7 (1): 101.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-7-101"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duerr, J.S. 2006. Immunohistochemistry, (June 19, 2006). The C. elegans Research Community, ed. WormBook. Doi\/10.1895\/wormbook.1.105.1, http:\/\/www.wormbook.org.","DOI":"10.1895\/wormbook.1.105.1"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Han, Z., Boas, S., and Schroeder, N.E. 2016. Unexpected variation in neuroanatomy among diverse nematode species. 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(Eds), Manual of Techniques in Insect Pathology, Academic Press, London.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012432555-5\/50016-6"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kimble, J., and Hirsh, D. 1979. The postembryonic cell lineages of the hermaphrodite and male gonads in Caenorhabditis elegans. Developmental Biology 70 (2): 396\u2013417.","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(79)90035-6"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_009","unstructured":"Lacey, L.A., and Georgis, R. 2012. Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of insect pests above and below ground with comments on commercial production. Journal of Nematology 44 (2): 218\u2013225."},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mandel, M.J. 2010. Models and approaches to dissect host\u2013symbiont specificity. Trends in Microbiology 18 (11): 504\u2013511.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2010.07.005"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Orozco, R.A., Lee, M.M., and Stock, S.P. 2014. Soil sampling and isolation of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae). Journal of Visualized Experiments 89: 1\u20138, doi: 10.3791\/52083.","DOI":"10.3791\/52083"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Preibisch, S., Saalfeld, S., and Tomancak, P. 2009. Globally optimal stitching of tiled 3D microscopic image acquisitions. Bioinformatics 25 (11): 1463\u20131465.","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp184"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rudel, D., Riebesell, M., and Sommer, R.J. 2005. Gonadogenesis in Pristionchus pacificus and organ evolution: development, adult morphology and cell\u2013cell interactions in the hermaphrodite gonad. Developmental Biology 277 (1): 200\u2013221.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2004.09.021"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sulston, J.E. 1976. Post-embryonic development in the ventral cord of Caenorhabditis elegans. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 275 (938): 287\u2013297.","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1976.0084"},{"key":"2026080916194758987_j_jofnem-2018-005_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sulston, J.E., and Horvitz, H.R. 1977. Post-embryonic cell lineages of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. 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The structure of the female reproductive system of nematodes from the genus Steinernema (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Nematology 10 (6): 883\u2013896.","DOI":"10.1163\/156854108786161463"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/pdf\/10.21307\/jofnem-2018-005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T16:20:41Z","timestamp":1786292441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reference-global.com\/article\/10.21307\/jofnem-2018-005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.21307\/jofnem-2018-005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21307\/jofnem-2018-005","relation":{},"ISSN":["2640-396X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2640-396X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]}}}