{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T09:52:18Z","timestamp":1773654738363,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004595","name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1001\/PPSP\/8012290 (RUI Grant)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1001\/PPSP\/8012290 (RUI Grant)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: While there are studies on visual lexical processing in other languages among dyslexics, no studies were done in the Malay language. The origin of visual lexical processing might be different in the Malay language. We aimed to detect the source localisation of visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) during Malay orthographic lexicon stimulations, employing an event-related potential (ERP) study. \n\nMethods: Twelve dyslexic and twelve non-dyslexic children participated in this study. They pushed button \u20181\u2019 when they saw real (meaningful) Malay words and button \u20182\u2019 for pseudowords (meaningless). The source localisation of vMMN was performed in the grand average waveform by applying the standardised low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) method using Net Station software. \n\nResults: Left occipital (BA17) and left temporal (BA37) lobes were activated during real words in the non-dyslexic and dyslexic children, respectively. During pseudowords, BA18 and BA17 areas of the left occipital lobe were activated in the non-dyslexic and dyslexic children, separately. vMMN sources were found at the left temporal (BA37) and right frontal (BA11) lobes in nondyslexic and dyslexic children, respectively. \n\nConclusion: Right frontal lobe is the decision-making area where vMMN source was found in dyslexic children. We concluded that dyslexic children required the decision-making area to detect Malay real and pseudowords.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.21315\/mjms2020.27.5.4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T02:23:57Z","timestamp":1604024637000},"page":"36-42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["sLORETA Source Localisation of Visual Mismatch Negativity in Dyslexic Children During Malay Orthographical Lexicon Stimulations"],"prefix":"10.21315","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Siti Atiyah","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahamina","family":"Begum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faruque","family":"Reza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nor Asyikin","family":"Fadzil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faiz","family":"Mustafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"8963","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kast M, Elmer, S Jancke L, Meyer M. ERP differences of pre-lexical processing between dyslexic and non-dyslexic children. Int J Psychophysiol. 2010;77(1):59\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2010.04.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2010.04.003"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kearns DM, Hancock R, Hoeft F, Pugh KR, Frost SJ. The neurobiology of dyslexia. Teach Except Child. 2019;51(3):175\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0040059918820051","DOI":"10.1177\/0040059918820051"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Richlan F. Developmental dyslexia: dysfunction of a left hemisphere reading network. Front Hum Neurosci. 2012;6(120):1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00120","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00120"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garrido MI, Kilner JM, Stephan KE, Friston KJ. The mismatch negativity: a review of underlying mechanisms. 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