{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T20:09:50Z","timestamp":1783022990935,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,1]],"date-time":"2003-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1067644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Earthworms affect soil structure and the movement of agrochemicals. Yet, there have been few field\u2010scale studies that quantify the effect of earthworms on dissolved nitrogen fluxes in agroecosystems. We investigated the influence of semi\u2010annual earthworm additions on leachate production and quality in different row crop agroecosystems. Chisel\u2010till corn (<jats:italic>Zea mays<\/jats:italic> L.)\u2013soybean [<jats:italic>Glycine max<\/jats:italic> (L.) Merr.] rotation (CT) and ridge\u2010till corn\u2013soybean\u2013wheat (<jats:italic>Triticum aestivum<\/jats:italic> L.) rotation (RT) plots were arranged in a complete randomized block design (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 3) with earthworm treatments (addition and ambient) as subplots where zero\u2010tension lysimeters were placed 45 cm below ground. We assessed earthworm populations semi\u2010annually and collected leachate biweekly over a three\u2010year period and determined leachate volume and concentrations of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). Abundance of deep\u2010burrowing earthworms was increased in addition treatments over ambient and for both agroecosystems. Leachate loss was similar among agroecosystems, but earthworm additions increased leachate production in the range of 4.5 to 45.2% above ambient in CT cropping. Although leachate TIN and DON concentrations were generally similar between agroecosystems or earthworm treatments, transport of TIN was significantly increased in addition treatments over ambient in CT cropping due to increased leachate volume. Losses of total nitrogen in leachate loadings were up to approximately 10% of agroecosystem N inputs. The coincidence of (i) soluble N production and availability and (ii) preferential leaching pathways formed by deep\u2010burrowing earthworms thereby increased N losses from the CT agroecosystem at the 45\u2010cm depth. Processing of N compounds and transport in soil water from RT cropping were more affected by management phase and largely independent of earthworm activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2003.2132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,14]],"date-time":"2010-06-14T02:19:39Z","timestamp":1276481979000},"page":"2132-2139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Earthworm Additions Affect Leachate Production and Nitrogen Losses in Typical Midwestern Agroecosystems"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"William D.","family":"Shuster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, OARDC Wooster OH 44691"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Shipitalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA Agricultural Research Service North Appalachian Experimental Watershed Coshocton OH 43812"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Subler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, OARDC Wooster OH 44691"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Aref","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics University of Illinois Urbana IL 61820"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward L.","family":"McCoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, OARDC Wooster OH 44691"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1991.03615995005500030027x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"124","volume-title":"Earthworm ecology and biogeography in north america","author":"Blair J.M.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0038-0717(00)00218-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-4056(24)00602-4","article-title":"Long\u2010term trends in earthworm populations of cropped experimental watersheds in Ohio, USA","volume":"43","author":"Butt K.R.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pedobiologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1993.03615995005700040021x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/03601239209372770","article-title":"Agrichemical placement impacts on alachlor and nitrate movement through soil in a ridge tillage system","volume":"27","author":"Clay S.A.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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