{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:37:30Z","timestamp":1790617050846,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Phosphorous (P)\u201031 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is used in the analysis of P forms in extracts of soils and manures for environmental and agronomic purposes. Quantitative spectra require knowledge about spin\u2013lattice relaxation times (\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) to ensure adequate delays between pulses. This paper determined\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    values of P forms in reconstituted (0.2 g in 0.7 mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) samples of freeze\u2010dried 0.25\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    NaOH plus 50 m\n                    <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                    EDTA extracts of eight diverse soils (Aquept, Dystrochrept \u00d7 2, Hapludand, Rendoll, Udand, Haplostoll, and Orthod), three different manures (dairy cattle, deer, and sheep), and one epiphyte moss. Total concentrations in the reconstituted samples ranged from 5 to 175 mg Fe mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 2 to 62 mg Mn mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and 72 to 837 mg P mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    Values of\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    for orthophosphate monoesters, orthophosphate diesters, and pyrophosphate varied from 0.42 to 1.69 s in soils and from 0.89 to 2.59 s in manures and the epiphyte. In contrast,\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    for orthophosphate varied from 0.78 to 1.94 s in soils and 1.45 to 5.82 s in manures and the epiphyte. For quantitative\n                    <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>\n                    P NMR, delay times should be three to five times the\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    value, translating to delays of 3 to 5 s for soils and up to 25 s for manures. If the required delay is too long then strategies such as adding paramagnetics could shorten\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , provided this does not increase line\u2010broadening too much. A regression relationship was obtained between orthophosphate\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    values and the ratio of P concentration to Fe and Mn concentration on a w\/v basis (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.97,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001), and between the\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    for all other compound classes and the ratio of P to Fe and Mn (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.70,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.01). By combining measurement of Fe, Mn, and P in the reconstituted extract and these relationships,\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    can be estimated and the appropriate delay time used. If\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    is not considered and the delay time is too short, some peaks will be under\u2010 or over\u2010represented and the relative distribution of P forms not quantitative.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2005.0285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,5]],"date-time":"2006-01-05T20:44:12Z","timestamp":1136493852000},"page":"293-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["An Examination of Spin\u2013Lattice Relaxation Times for Analysis of Soil and Manure Extracts by Liquid State Phosphorus\u201031 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"R. W.","family":"McDowell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AgResearch Invermay Agricultural Centre Private Bag 50034 Mosgiel Otago New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Otago P.O. Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. J.","family":"Cade\u2010Menun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geological and Environmental Science Stanford University Building 320, Room 118 Stanford CA 94305\u20102115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2004.1062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/cjss88-057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00013684"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"26","volume-title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in environmental chemistry","author":"Bortiatynski J.M.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1993.03615995005700060020x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2004.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2002.4570"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-199611000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance: Concepts and methods","author":"Canet D.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-199908000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1071\/SR03018","article-title":"Mineralisation of soil orthophosphate monoesters under pine seedlings and ryegrass","volume":"42","author":"Chen C.R.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aust. 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