{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T19:05:33Z","timestamp":1785870333936,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006094","name":"University of Delaware","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006094","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000015","name":"U.S. Department of Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000015","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006132","name":"Office of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006132","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aluminum sulfate (alum; Al<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(SO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u00b714H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) is used as a chemical treatment of poultry litter to reduce the solubility and release of phosphate, thereby minimizing the impacts on adjacent aquatic ecosystems when poultry litter is land applied as a crop fertilizer. The objective of this study was to determine, through the use of X\u2010ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and sequential extraction, how alum amendments alter P distribution and solid\u2010state speciation within the poultry litter system. Our results indicate that traditional sequential fractionation procedures may not account for variability in P speciation in heterogeneous animal manures. Analysis shows that NaOH\u2010extracted P in alum amended litters is predominantly organic (\u223c80%), whereas in the control samples, &gt;60% of NaOH\u2010extracted P was inorganic P. Linear least squares fitting (LLSF) analysis of spectra collected of sequentially extracted litters showed that the P is present in inorganic (P sorbed on Al oxides, calcium phosphates) and organic forms (phytic acid, polyphosphates, and monoesters) in alum\u2010 and non\u2010alum\u2013amended poultry litter. When determining land application rates of poultry litter, all of these compounds must be considered, especially organic P. Results of the sequential extractions in conjunction with LLSF suggest that no P species is completely removed by a single extractant. Rather, there is a continuum of removal as extractant strength increases. Overall, alum\u2010amended litters exhibited higher proportions of Al\u2010bound P species and phytic acid, whereas untreated samples contained Ca\u2010P minerals and organic P compounds. This study provides in situ information about P speciation in the poultry litter solid and about P availability in alum\u2010 and non\u2010alum\u2013treated poultry litter that will dictate P losses to ground and surface water systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2007.0285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,11]],"date-time":"2008-02-11T21:40:21Z","timestamp":1202766021000},"page":"477-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["XANES Spectroscopic Analysis of Phosphorus Speciation in Alum\u2010Amended Poultry Litter"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Seiter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Soil Chemistry Group, Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, and the Center for Critical Zone Research Univ. of Delaware 152 Townsend Hall Newark DE 19717"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin E.","family":"Staats\u2010Borda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Soil Chemistry Group, Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, and the Center for Critical Zone Research Univ. of Delaware 152 Townsend Hall Newark DE 19717"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Ginder\u2010Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Soil Chemistry Group, Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, and the Center for Critical Zone Research Univ. of Delaware 152 Townsend Hall Newark DE 19717"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald L.","family":"Sparks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Soil Chemistry Group, Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, and the Center for Critical Zone Research Univ. of Delaware 152 Townsend Hall Newark DE 19717"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8524(94)90078-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8524(94)90077-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Spectroscopic studies of chemisorption reaction mechanism at oxide\u2010water interfaces","volume":"23","author":"Brown G.E.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev. 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