{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:33:30Z","timestamp":1791113610645,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Illinois Council on Food and Agricultural Research"},{"name":"Water Quality SRI"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nutrient enrichment is a frequently cited cause for biotic impairment of streams and rivers in the USA. Efforts are underway to develop nutrient standards in many states, but defensible nutrient standards require an empirical relationship between nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) concentrations and some criterion that relates nutrient levels to the attainment of designated uses. Algal biomass, measured as chlorophyll\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> (chl\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>), is a commonly proposed criterion, yet nutrient\u2013chl\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> relationships have not been well documented in Illinois at a state\u2010wide scale. We used state\u2010wide surveys of &gt;100 stream and river sites to assess the applicability of chl\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> as a criterion for establishing nutrient standards for Illinois. Among all sites, the median total P and total N concentrations were 0.185 and 5.6 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, respectively, during high\u2010discharge conditions. During low\u2010discharge conditions, median total P concentration was 0.168 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, with 25% of sites having a total P of \u22650.326 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> Across the state, 90% of the sites had sestonic chl\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> values of \u226435 \u03bcg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, and watershed area was the best predictor of sestonic chl\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> During low discharge there was a significant correlation between sestonic chl\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> and total P for those sites that had canopy cover \u226425% and total P of \u22640.2 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> Results suggest sestonic chl<jats:italic>\u2010a<\/jats:italic> may be an appropriate criterion for the larger rivers in Illinois but is inappropriate for small rivers and streams. Coarse substrate to support benthic chl<jats:italic>\u2010a<\/jats:italic> occurred in &lt;50% of the sites we examined; a study using artificial substrates did not reveal a relationship between chl\u2010<jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic> accrual and N or P concentrations. For many streams and rivers in Illinois, nutrients may not be the limiting factor for algal biomass due to the generally high nutrient concentrations and the effects of other factors, such as substrate conditions and turbidity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2007.0344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,11]],"date-time":"2008-02-11T21:40:21Z","timestamp":1202766021000},"page":"437-447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Assessment of Chlorophyll\u2010<i>a<\/i> as a Criterion for Establishing Nutrient Standards in the Streams and Rivers of Illinois"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Todd V.","family":"Royer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public &amp; Environmental Affairs, Indiana Univ. Bloomington IN 47405"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark B.","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Univ. of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana IL 61801"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lowell E.","family":"Gentry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Univ. of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana IL 61801"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corey A.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Univ. of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana IL 61801"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Starks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences Univ. of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana IL 61801"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"II","given":"Thomas","family":"Heatherly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Zoology and Center for Ecology Southern Illinois Univ. Carbondale IL 62901"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matt R.","family":"Whiles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dep. of Zoology and Center for Ecology Southern Illinois Univ. Carbondale IL 62901"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","author":"American Public Health Administration","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1468279"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2000.00472425002900020018x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0671"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(97)00370-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4319\/lom.2004.2.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f02-063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f06-040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1468291"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-006-0114-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2006.0098"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","series-title":"NOAA Costal Ocean Program Decision Analysis Series No. 17","volume-title":"Report of the integrated assessment on hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico","author":"Goolsby D.A.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2006.0521"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"Illinois Department of Agriculture.Land cover of Illinois statistical summary 1999\u20132000 On\u2010line report available at (verified 7 Dec. 2007).2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/cjfas-56-1-124"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2427.1998.00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2005.0433"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1529-8817.1999.3530460.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es048584i"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2004.1296"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es020663b"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","first-page":"295","volume-title":"Methods in stream ecology","author":"Steinman A.D.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1941073"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","volume-title":"Atlas of America's Polluted Waters, EPA 840\u2010B00\u2010002","author":"USEPA","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","volume-title":"Nutrient criteria technical guidance manual, EPA 822\u2010B\u201000\u2010002","author":"USEPA","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f95-166"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00006968","article-title":"Nuisance biomass levels of periphytic algae in streams","volume":"157","author":"Welch E.B.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"Level III and IV ecoregions of Illinois","author":"Woods A.J.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","volume-title":"Biostatistical Analysis","author":"Zar J.H.","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of Environmental Quality"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.2134%2Fjeq2007.0344","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2134\/jeq2007.0344","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T14:30:55Z","timestamp":1760625055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.2134\/jeq2007.0344"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2134\/jeq2007.0344"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2134\/jeq2007.0344","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0047-2425","1537-2537"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0047-2425","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2537","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2007-06-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-03-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}