{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:23:17Z","timestamp":1760660597740,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Env Quality"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pesticide and nitrate data for ground water sampled in the Central Columbia Plateau, Washington, between 1993 and 2003 by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water\u2010Quality Assessment Program were evaluated for trends in concentration. A total of 72 wells were sampled in 1993\u20131995 and again in 2002\u20132003 in three well networks that targeted row crop and orchard land use settings as well as the regional basalt aquifer. The Regional Kendall trend test indicated that only deethylatrazine (DEA) concentrations showed a significant trend. Deethylatrazine concentrations were found to increase beneath the row crop land use well network, the regional aquifer well network, and for the dataset as a whole. No other pesticides showed a significant trend (nor did nitrate) in the 72\u2010well dataset. Despite the lack of a trend in nitrate concentrations within the National Water\u2010Quality Assessment dataset, previous work has found a statistically significant decrease in nitrate concentrations from 1998\u20132002 for wells with nitrate concentrations above 10 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> within the Columbia Basin ground water management area, which is located within the National Water\u2010Quality Assessment study unit boundary. The increasing trend in DEA concentrations was found to negatively correlate with soil hydrologic group using logistic regression and with soil hydrologic group and drainage class using Spearman's correlation. The decreasing trend in high nitrate concentrations was found to positively correlate with the depth to which the well was cased using logistic regression, to positively correlate with nitrate application rates and sand content of the soil, and to negatively correlate with soil hydrologic group using Spearman's correlation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2007.0491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,2]],"date-time":"2008-09-02T21:11:45Z","timestamp":1220389905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Trends of Pesticides and Nitrate in Ground Water of the Central Columbia Plateau, Washington, 1993\u20132003"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Lonna","family":"Frans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey Washington Water Science Center 934 Broadway, Suite 300 Tacoma WA 98402"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2007.0054"},{"volume-title":"Surficial geology, structure, and thickness of selected geohydrologic units in the Columbia Plateau, Washington","year":"1986","author":"Drost B.W.","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1"},{"volume-title":"Estimating the probability of elevated nitrate (NO + NO\u2013N) concentrations in ground water in the Columbia Basin Ground Water Management Area, Washington","year":"2000","author":"Frans L.M.","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3133\/sir20055078","volume-title":"Evaluating regional trends in ground\u2010water nitrate concentrations of the Columbia Basin Ground Water Management Area, Washington","author":"Frans L.M.","year":"2005"},{"volume-title":"2000 Census of Population and Housing","year":"2001","author":"GeoLytics","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","DOI":"10.1021\/es051650b"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-1116(08)71099-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr8895","volume-title":"A summary of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water\u2010Quality Assessment program","author":"Hirsch R.M.","year":"1988"},{"volume-title":"Applied logistic regression","year":"1989","author":"Hosmer D.W.","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1"},{"volume-title":"Shallow ground water quality beneath row crops and orchards in the Columbia Basin Irrigation Project area, Washington","year":"1998","author":"Jones J.L.","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr95399","volume-title":"Ground\u2010water data\u2010collection protocols and procedures for the National Water\u2010Quality Assessment Program; collection and documentation of water\u2010quality samples and related data","author":"Koterba M.T.","year":"1995"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","DOI":"10.1021\/jf9706235"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd ESRI International Users Conf.","author":"Price C.","year":"2003"},{"volume-title":"SAS\/STAT user's guide","year":"1990","author":"SAS Institute","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1"},{"volume-title":"Computerized stratified random site\u2010selection approaches for design of a ground\u2010water\u2010quality sampling network","year":"1990","author":"Scott J.C.","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1"},{"volume-title":"DAYMET climatological summaries for average air temperature and total precipitation (18\u2010year mean for 1980\u20131997)","year":"2003","author":"Thorton P.E.","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1"},{"volume-title":"Census of population and housing, 1990","year":"1991","author":"US Bureau of the Census","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1"},{"volume-title":"Agricultural chemical use database","year":"2006","author":"USDA\u2010NASS","key":"e_1_2_7_19_1"},{"volume-title":"U.S. Geological Survey Data Users Guide 4","year":"1986","author":"US Geological Survey","key":"e_1_2_7_20_1"},{"volume-title":"Use of Landsat imagery to estimate ground\u2010water pumpage from irrigation on the Columbia Plateau in eastern Washington, 1985","year":"1991","author":"Van Metre P.","key":"e_1_2_7_21_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"650","article-title":"Completion of the 1990s national land cover data set for the conterminous United States from Landsat Thematic Mapper data and ancillary data sources","volume":"67","author":"Vogelmann J.E.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Photogramm. 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