{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T14:47:52Z","timestamp":1770562072434,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"group-title":"SSRN","reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study applies an integrated nutrient-density and multivariate classification framework to benchmark the nutritional quality of fish using harmonized food composition data. Energy, macronutrients, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals were quantified and combined into lipid and mineral ratios (PUFA\/SFA, Na\/K, Ca\/P, Fe\/Zn) and a modified Nutrient Rich Foods Index, followed by PCA\u00a0and k-means clustering. The framework was applied to 40 fish-species commonly available on the Portuguese market. Three coherent nutritional groups were identified: lean white fish (low-fat, high protein density), oily pelagics (high-lipid and vitamin content), and lipid-rich outliers. Oily fish provided the highest EPA+DHA concentrations, (Median 1400 mg\/100g), all oily species exceeding the\u00a0adequate intake of 250 mg per portion. Lean fish maximized protein yield per calorie, whereas oily species concentrated vitamins D and B12 and exhibited favorable PUFA\/SFA (&gt;0.4) and Na\/K (&lt;1.0) ratios. Ca\/P ratios were uniformly below adequacy levels, reflecting low calcium in fillet tissue. Overall, fish species displayed complementary nutrient-density profiles, with lean species optimizing protein efficiency, while oily species delivering cardioprotective lipids and fat-soluble vitamins, and outliers represented concentrated but energy-dense nutrient sources. The proposed analytical framework provides a transferable approach for comparative nutritional profiling of fish and seafood across food composition databases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.6192886","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T15:37:55Z","timestamp":1770478675000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nutritional Landscape of Fish Sold in Portugal: Composition, Ratios, and Nutrient Density Across 40 Species"],"prefix":"10.2139","author":[{"given":"Ana  Ol\u00edvia","family":"Jorge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3513-0054","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Miguel  A.","family":"Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6767-6596","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria  Beatriz Prior 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