{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:06:11Z","timestamp":1790078771482,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]]},"DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp140686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]],"date-time":"2016-01-21T14:08:01Z","timestamp":1453385281000},"page":"113-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Christine","family":"Kujak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill M.","family":"Kolesar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison School of Pharmacy and University of Wisconsin Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b1-0730113","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN guidelines for patients: chronic myelogenous leukemia. www.nccn.org\/patients\/guidelines\/cml\/index.html#8 (accessed 2014 Jul 22)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b2-0730113","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures, 2015. www.cancer.org\/research\/cancerfactsstatistics\/cancerfactsfigures2015\/index (accessed 2015 Mar 7)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b3-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3842","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24440","article-title":"The 2008 World Health Organization classification system for myeloproliferative neoplasms: order out of chaos","volume":"115","author":"Tefferi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b4-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-05-501569","article-title":"European LeukemiaNet recommendations for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia : 2013","volume":"122","author":"Baccarani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b5-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-02-0371","article-title":"Clonal evolution and lack of cytogenetic response are adverse prognostic factors for hematologic relapse of chronic phase CML patients treated with imatinib mesylate","volume":"103","author":"Dwyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b6-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062538","article-title":"Clinical resistance to STI-571 cancer therapy caused by BCR-ABL gene mutation or amplification","volume":"293","author":"Gorre","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b7-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1099480","article-title":"Overriding imatinib resistance with a novel ABL kinase inhibitor","volume":"305","author":"Shah","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b8-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2005.01.007","article-title":"Characterization of AMN107, a selective inhibitor of native and mutant Bcr-Abl","volume":"7","author":"Weisberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b9-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022457","article-title":"Imatinib compared with interferon and low-dose cytarabine for newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"348","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b10-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1002315","article-title":"Dasatinib versus imatinib in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"362","author":"Kantarjian","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b11-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0912614","article-title":"Nilotinib versus imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"362","author":"Saglio","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b12-0730113","first-page":"85","article-title":"International Randomized Study of Interferon Vs STI571 (IRIS) 8-year follow up: sustained survival and low risk for progression or events in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) treated with imatinib","volume":"571","author":"Deininger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b13-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-10-532341","article-title":"Long-term outcome with dasatinib after imatinib failure in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: follow-up of a phase 3 study","volume":"123","author":"Shah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b14-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.134","article-title":"Nilotinib vs imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: ENESTnd 3-year follow-up","volume":"26","author":"Larson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b15-0730113","unstructured":"Bristol-Myers Squibb. Four-year data from Phase 3 DASISION trial comparing Sprycel \u00ae (dasatinib) to imatinib in first-line treatment of adults with Ph + CP-CML. www.news.bms.com\/press-release\/rd-news\/four-year-data-phase-3-dasision-trial-comparing-sprycel-dasatinib-imatinib-fir (accessed 2015 Jan 5)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b16-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Larson RA Kim DW Jootar S . ENESTnd 5-year update: long-term outcomes of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase CML-CP treated with frontline nilotinib versus imatinib. www.meetinglibrary.asco.org\/print\/1737833 (accessed 2015 Jan 5).","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.7073"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b17-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3486","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.38.7522","article-title":"Bosutinib versus imatinib in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: results from the BELA trial","volume":"30","author":"Cortes","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b18-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.85","article-title":"Early molecular and cytogenetic response is predictive for long-term progression-free and overall survival in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)","volume":"26","author":"Hanfstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b19-0730113","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines: chronic myelogenous leukemia, 2016. www.nccn.org\/professionals\/physician_gls\/pdf\/cml.pdf (accessed 2015 Nov 30)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b20-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2013.09.004","article-title":"Major molecular response during the first year of dasatinib, imatinib or nilotinib treatment for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia: a network meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Signorovitch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b21-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.26.3087","article-title":"Adherence is the critical factor for achieving molecular responses in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who achieve complete cytogenetic responses on imatinib","volume":"28","author":"Marin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b22-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3733","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-10-309807","article-title":"Poor adherence is the main reason for loss of CCyR and imatinib failure for chronic myeloid leukemia patients on long-term therapy","volume":"117","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b23-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.22019","article-title":"Nonadherence to imatinib adversely affects event free survival in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"86","author":"Ganesan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b24-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70342-X","article-title":"Part I: mechanisms of resistance to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukaemia","volume":"8","author":"Apperley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b25-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-12-326405","article-title":"BCR-ABL kinase domain mutation analysis in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors : recommendations from an expert panel on behalf of European LeukemiaNet","volume":"118","author":"Soverini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b26-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6082","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.02202-05","article-title":"Kinase domain mutants of Bcr-Abl exhibit altered transformation potency, kinase activity, and substrate utilization, irrespective of sensitivity to imatinib","volume":"26","author":"Griswold","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b27-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2011.11.002","article-title":"Chronic myeloid leukemia: clinical impact of BCR-ABL1 mutations and other lesions associated with disease progression","volume":"39","author":"Ernst","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b28-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4806","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.9953","article-title":"Finding of kinase domain mutations in patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia responding to imatinib may identify those at high risk of disease progression","volume":"26","author":"Khorashad","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b29-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-01-197715","article-title":"Long-term outcome of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors after imatinib failure is predicted by the in vitro sensitivity of BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations","volume":"114","author":"Jabbour","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b30-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4323","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.40.5217","article-title":"Initial molecular response at 3 months may predict both response and event-free survival at 24 months in imatinib-resistant or -intolerant patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase treated with nilotinib","volume":"30","author":"Branford","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b31-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2013.09.011","article-title":"Implications of BCR-ABL1 kinase domain-mediated resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"38","author":"Soverini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b32-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4944","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-04-214221","article-title":"Dasatinib treatment of chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: analysis of responses according to preexisting BCR-ABL mutations","volume":"114","author":"Muller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b33-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3540","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-03-080689","article-title":"Nilotinib (formerly AMN107), a highly selective BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is effective in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase following imatinib resistance and intolerance","volume":"110","author":"Kantarjian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b34-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4567","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-05-355594","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of bosutinib (SKI-606) in chronic phase Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia patients with resistance or intolerance to imatinib","volume":"118","author":"Cortes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b35-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4839","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-149948","article-title":"Characteristics and outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia patients with F317L BCR-ABL kinase domain mutation after therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors","volume":"112","author":"Jabbour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b36-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-03-066936","article-title":"Bcr-Abl kinase domain mutations, drug resistance, and the road to a cure for chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"110","author":"O\u2019Hare","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b37-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.19.8853","article-title":"Activity of bosutinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib against 18 imatinib-resistant BCR\/ABL mutants","volume":"27","author":"Redaelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b38-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-01-197186","article-title":"Philadelphia-positive patients who already harbor imatinib-resistant Bcr-Abl kinase domain mutations have a higher likelihood of developing additional mutations associated with resistance to second- or third-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors","volume":"114","author":"Soverini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b39-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-03-277152","article-title":"Nilotinib is effective in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase after imatinib resistance or intolerance: 24-month follow-up results","volume":"117","author":"Kantarjian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b40-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2012.181","article-title":"Nilotinib in imatinib-resistant or imatinib-intolerant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: 48-month follow-up results of a phase II study","volume":"27","author":"Giles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b41-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4204","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.21.8230","article-title":"Impact of baseline BCR-ABL mutations on response to nilotinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase","volume":"27","author":"Hughes","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b42-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3703","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-04-423418","article-title":"Nilotinib is associated with a reduced incidence of BCR-ABL mutations vs imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase","volume":"121","author":"Hochhaus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b43-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23728","article-title":"Bosutinib efficacy and safety in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after imatinib resistance or intolerance: minimum 24-month follow-up","volume":"89","author":"Gambacorti-Passerini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b44-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3403","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-11-390120","article-title":"Bosutinib is active in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after imatinib and dasatinib and\/or nilotinib therapy failure","volume":"119","author":"Khoury","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b45-0730113","unstructured":"Bristol-Myers Squibb. Sprycel (dasatinib) prescribing information. www.packageinserts.bms.com\/pi\/pi_sprycel.pdf (accessed 2014 Aug 21)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b46-0730113","unstructured":"Novartis. Tasigna (nilotinib) prescribing information. www.pharma.us.novartis.com\/product\/pi\/pdf\/tasigna.pdf (accessed 2014 Aug 21)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b47-0730113","unstructured":"Pfizer. Bosulif (bosutinib) prescribing information. www.labeling.pfizer.com\/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=884 (accessed 2014 Aug 21)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b48-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306494","article-title":"A phase 2 trial of ponatinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemias","volume":"369","author":"Cortes","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b49-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2011.55","article-title":"Omacetaxine may have a role in chronic myeloid leukaemia eradication through down-regulation of Mcl-1 and induction of apoptosis in stem\/progenitor cells","volume":"25","author":"Allan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b50-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.03.020","article-title":"Subcutaneous omacetaxine mepesuccinate in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia previously treated with 2 or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors including imatinib","volume":"13","author":"Cortes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b51-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-03-415307","article-title":"Phase 2 study of subcutaneous omacetaxine mepesuccinate after TKI failure in patients with chronic-phase CML with T315I mutation","volume":"120","author":"Cortes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b52-0730113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23408","article-title":"Phase 2 study of subcutaneous omacetaxine mepesuccinate for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients resistant to or intolerant of tyrosine kinase inhibitors","volume":"88","author":"Cortes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b53-0730113","unstructured":"Ariad Pharmaceuticals. Iclusig (ponatinib) prescribing information. www.iclusig.com\/pi (accessed 2014 Aug 21)."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019041102220727900_b54-0730113","unstructured":"Cephalon. Synribo (omacetaxine) prescribing information. www.synribo.com\/pdf\/synribo_po.pdf (accessed 2014 Aug 21)."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajhp\/article-pdf\/73\/3\/113\/28335604\/ajhp0113.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T22:02:58Z","timestamp":1567548178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajhp\/article\/73\/3\/113\/5101689"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2146\/ajhp140686","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-2082","1535-2900"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-2082","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-2900","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]]}}}