{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T07:00:54Z","timestamp":1781161254565,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["COPD"],"DOI":"10.2147\/copd.s608737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T06:50:14Z","timestamp":1781160614000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Maltese Study in Determining the Presence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Metabolic Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.2147","volume":"Volume 21","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Gauci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Gauci Pullicino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Caruana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Petroni Magri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Formosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Fenech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Fava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Montefort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Fsadni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00111707","volume":"31","author":"Vestbo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"110","volume":"20","author":"Vujic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hippokratia"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-48","volume":"9","author":"Kassi","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404","volume":"112","author":"Grundy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. Malta health system review. Health Syst Trans. 2017;19(1):1\u201337."},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas. 6th ed. International Diabetes Federation; 2013."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.139212","volume":"18","author":"Naik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Jones PW, Forde Y. St George\u2019s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD patients (SGRQ-C) Manual Version No.1.3; 2016."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00102509","volume":"34","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.93.3.580","volume":"93","author":"Mahler","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","volume":"1","author":"Radloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Meas"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-1-1","volume":"1","author":"Webste","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"American Thoracic Society. Available from: http:\/\/www.thoracic.org. Accessed February 15, 2026."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201908-1590ST","volume":"200","author":"Graham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. GP41 Collection of Diagnostic Venous Blood Specimens. 7th ed. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; 2017."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. 2026 GOLD Report; 2026."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00080312","volume":"40","author":"Quanjer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332931","DOI":"10.1080\/20018525.2017.1332931","volume":"4","author":"Bock","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Clin Respir J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200298","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0298-2020","volume":"30","author":"Ebadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.019588","volume":"59","author":"Gan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2007.04.026","volume":"19","author":"Karadag","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"414","volume":"5","author":"Aksu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Thoracic Dis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160070","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0070-2016","volume":"26","author":"Leuzzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"266","volume":"15","author":"Chandratre","year":"2025","journal-title":"EJCM"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01302","volume":"9","author":"Luan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immul"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S520795","volume":"20","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulm Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-888-7_11","volume":"3","author":"Janssens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vitamin D Lung"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Department of Information - Government of Malta. The Maltese Islands. Department of Information \u2013 Malta; 2009. Available from: http:\/\/www.doi.gov.mt\/en\/islands\/location.asp. Accessed February 14, 2026."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2597","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S101382","volume":"11","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulm Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-018-0904-4","volume":"17","author":"Xuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-025-03738-2","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404615","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1404615","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.5152\/TurkThoracJ.2017.17043","volume":"19","author":"Rafie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk Thorac J"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.2147\/COPD.S267017","volume":"15","author":"Lei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Chron Obstruct Pulm Dis"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5122","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-24-1894","volume":"17","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.308834","volume":"37","author":"Bernelot Moens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"ref37","volume-title":"Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Targeted Evidence Update for the US Preventive Services Task Force","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6596","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006596","volume":"96","author":"Shengyu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S515061","volume":"18","author":"Gauci","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/116231","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/116231","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T06:50:19Z","timestamp":1781160619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/a-maltese-study-in-determining-the-presence-of-chronic-obstructive-pul-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPD"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/copd.s608737","relation":{},"ISSN":["1178-2005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1178-2005","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}