{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:16:18Z","timestamp":1791598578704,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IDR"],"DOI":"10.2147\/idr.s576715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T07:55:11Z","timestamp":1772870111000},"page":"1-21","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hepatic Viral Reservoirs in Concurrent HIV and HBV: From Mechanistic Insight to Integrated Cure Strategies"],"prefix":"10.2147","volume":"Volume 19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2558-7425","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Renato","family":"Bobadilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Finn","family":"MacLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shravan","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Blackard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Gianella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565621","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1565621","volume":"13","author":"Dagnaw","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global progress report on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2021. 2021."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052621","volume":"25","author":"Matsuda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2022.100480","volume":"4","author":"Boettler","year":"2022","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1097\/qad.0000000000001574","volume":"31","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aids"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11051306","volume":"11","author":"Ruta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"14","volume":"31","author":"Corcorran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Top Antivir Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13071341","volume":"13","author":"Boyd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-309809","volume":"64","author":"Nassal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795388","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.795388","volume":"12","author":"Qin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-9-157","volume":"9","author":"Kong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104391","volume":"87","author":"Zerbato","year":"2023","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106700","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1106700","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"HIV and Liver Disease","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/coh.0000000000000688","volume":"16","author":"Busman-Sahay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin HIV AIDS"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2010.0329","volume":"27","author":"Blackard","year":"2011","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.08.008","volume":"34","author":"Tiegs","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01590-5","volume":"27","author":"Deeks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-0484-2_7","volume":"1075","author":"Sung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2017.0072","volume":"34","author":"Rose","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0080925","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00809-25","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4314\/gmj.v48i2.7","volume":"48","author":"Olawumi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ghana Med J"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G949","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00215.2003","volume":"285","author":"Schwabe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20488","volume":"40","author":"Yu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283410ccb","volume":"25","author":"Iser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aids"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-1253(23)00197-8","volume":"8","author":"Collaborators","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global hepatitis report 2024: action for access in low- and middle-income countries. 2024:242."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.7326\/m17-1689","volume":"168","author":"Weiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.10.007","volume":"66","author":"B\u00e9guelin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-08-3058","volume":"105","author":"Herbeuval","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-019-0309-9","volume":"20","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1694","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2015.42","volume":"6","author":"Ye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae248","volume":"80","author":"Vinikoor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clinl Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01023","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/qai.0000000000003239","volume":"94","author":"Vasishta","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18071034","volume":"18","author":"Sep\u00falveda-Crespo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14020138","volume":"14","author":"van Heuvel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853346","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.853346","volume":"13","author":"Zaongo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713981","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.713981","volume":"8","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med Lausanne"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)01468-4","volume":"401","author":"Jeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mjafi.2012.04.008","volume":"68","author":"Banerjee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.112","volume":"13","author":"Horst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1038\/82161","volume":"6","author":"Limmer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1617455","volume":"37","author":"DeLeve","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22795","volume":"49","author":"von Oppen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0020-y","volume":"15","author":"Shetty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13111","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49473-7","volume":"9","author":"Benedicto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983255","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.983255","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.06.007","volume":"23","author":"Bonder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19861","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19861","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.04.027","volume":"61","author":"Carambia","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23191","volume":"50","author":"Kruse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"1","volume":"1","author":"Nguyen-Lefebvre","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Enzymol Metab"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2006.01342.x","volume":"26","author":"Bilzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.12.020","volume":"42","author":"Bl\u00e9riot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190723","volume":"217","author":"Deppermann","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23292","volume":"51","author":"Kremer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949157","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/949157","volume":"2012","author":"Liaskou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0710412","volume":"89","author":"Kimura","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80433-1","volume":"22","author":"Knolle","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8067","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.Can-09-0901","volume":"69","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.10.026","volume":"33","author":"Trivedi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.11.011","volume":"26","author":"Winau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700422","volume":"86","author":"Paik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50182","volume":"37","author":"Paik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2304-3881.2014.11.03","volume":"3","author":"Weiskirchen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.97","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2022.09.011","volume":"576","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00946","volume":"10","author":"Mikulak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402756","volume":"194","author":"Marquardt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646559","volume":"46","author":"Harmon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601818","volume":"198","author":"Aw Yeang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26157","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26157","volume":"6","author":"Stegmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2693","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901362","volume":"184","author":"Lassen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01502","volume":"10","author":"Harmon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26115","volume":"57","author":"Tian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2317","DOI":"10.1097\/qad.0000000000001645","volume":"31","author":"Mikulak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aids"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112457","volume":"9","author":"Bartsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2568","volume":"14","author":"Schenkel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646837","volume":"47","author":"Cibri\u00e1n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.08.078","volume":"20","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-021-03877-9","volume":"78","author":"Keller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl240366","volume":"19","author":"Han","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ircmb.2019.08.001","volume":"348","author":"Wirtz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Rev Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1646949","volume":"38","author":"Dou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12082","volume":"254","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/hc9.0000000000000625","volume":"9","author":"Dumolard","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.115","volume":"13","author":"Bandyopadhyay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035950","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1035950","volume":"13","author":"Gu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611976","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1611976","volume":"16","author":"Shu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2008.85","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893512","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.893512","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22881","volume":"49","author":"Liang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines5030024","volume":"5","author":"Ortega-Prieto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087651","volume":"24","author":"Nevola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29800","volume":"67","author":"Terrault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13102078","volume":"13","author":"Coffin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1172\/jci134815","volume":"130","author":"Chaillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25738","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25738","volume":"24","author":"Moron-Lopez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22890","volume":"49","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3HI0516-242R","volume":"101","author":"Mosoian","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4501","DOI":"10.1172\/jci121678","volume":"128","author":"Kandathil","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283324344","volume":"23","author":"Balagopal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aids"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23679","volume":"52","author":"Tuyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000166","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2017-000166","volume":"4","author":"Kaspar","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S802","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa279","volume":"222","author":"Jeyarajan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.12.008","volume":"398","author":"Fromentin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2024.167084","volume":"1870","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01491","volume":"6","author":"Koumbi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3182","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i23.3182","volume":"27","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.06.054","volume":"137","author":"Dunn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13121675","volume":"13","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5886","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00262-16","volume":"90","author":"Plan\u00e8s","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-12-191296","volume":"114","author":"Brockman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179434","volume":"25","author":"Naidoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.01.026","volume":"80","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2011.157","volume":"92","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201141852","volume":"42","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v15051141","volume":"15","author":"\u00c1 D","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666x.2023.2198209","volume":"19","author":"Allahmoradi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-8-113","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2106","volume":"16","author":"Said","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05115","volume":"443","author":"Day","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmm.IJMM_19_16","volume":"37","author":"Demosthenes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1097\/qai.0000000000001511","volume":"76","author":"Greer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1097\/qai.0000000000001491","volume":"76","author":"Hawkins","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290447","volume":"29","author":"Colin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01223","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit033","volume":"207","author":"Andrade","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00421","volume":"8","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.03.024","volume":"46","author":"Lan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2016.96","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2004.03529.x","volume":"20","author":"Duan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.103840","volume":"76","author":"Gubser","year":"2022","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4623","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004623","volume":"4","author":"Babu","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58837-3","volume":"10","author":"Madeddu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126606","volume":"25","author":"Jeong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8852","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46080523","volume":"46","author":"Harshithkumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70017","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.70017","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814209","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.814209","volume":"13","author":"Iacob","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v7.i1.121","volume":"7","author":"Parvez","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636897","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.636897","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2016.3","volume":"13","author":"Robinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"ref144","first-page":"2371","volume":"125","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v30.i10.1295","volume":"30","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.03.034","volume":"71","author":"Raimondo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2211764","volume":"388","author":"Dusheiko","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.07.014","volume":"143","author":"Boni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2014.2836","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2009.0322","volume":"24","author":"Wongprasit","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182a60f7d","volume":"64","author":"Hamers","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-010-0032-1","volume":"38","author":"Bagaglio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2016.418","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jve.2023.100344","volume":"9","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Virus Eradic"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855092","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.855092","volume":"12","author":"Crespo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12050555","volume":"12","author":"Shukla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422x-5-146","volume":"5","author":"van Hemert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34758","DOI":"10.5812\/hepatmon.34758","volume":"16","author":"Powell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepat Mon"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00649-z","volume":"19","author":"Kramvis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70015","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.70015","volume":"28","author":"Singh","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910462","volume":"22","author":"Kayesh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31695","volume":"74","author":"Amin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1080\/17460441.2018.1473372","volume":"13","author":"Du","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01112","volume":"11","author":"Martinsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-021-00737-w","volume":"23","author":"Pancras","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med Ethics"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s40900-023-00449-y","volume":"9","author":"Dub\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res Involvement Engag"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437502","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1437502","volume":"12","author":"Borondy-Jenkins","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab873","volume":"75","author":"Gianella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinl Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905773","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.905773","volume":"13","author":"Moran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Infection and Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/112784","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/112784","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T07:55:17Z","timestamp":1772870117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/hepatic-viral-reservoirs-in-concurrent-hiv-and-hbv-from-mechanistic-in-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":169,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/idr.s576715","relation":{},"ISSN":["1178-6973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1178-6973","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}}}