{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T06:58:24Z","timestamp":1781161104188,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJGM"],"DOI":"10.2147\/ijgm.s611519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T06:25:12Z","timestamp":1781159112000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cigarette and Electronic Cigarette Exposure in Osteoarthritis: Immune Dysregulation and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways"],"prefix":"10.2147","volume":"Volume 19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7046-3390","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiangchuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jidong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeya","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052619","volume":"22","author":"Jang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collaborators GBDO. Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990-2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol. 2023;5(9):e508\u201312. doi:10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00163-7","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(23)00163-7"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2018.06.002","volume":"17","author":"Bortoluzzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-017-0450-1","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.14670\/HH-18-311","volume":"36","author":"Rose","year":"2021","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9518","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15669","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e41003","volume":"10","author":"Hao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25793","volume":"42","author":"Vishwanath","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1080\/03008207.2025.2553080","volume":"66","author":"Miller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/os.14302","volume":"17","author":"Zou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S217","DOI":"10.3233\/BME-171644","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Mater Eng"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-023-06953-2","volume":"24","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1177\/15353702231199072","volume":"248","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Torres","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2757","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11102757","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06968-8","volume":"626","author":"Saint-Andr\u00e9","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-025-09026-5","volume":"68","author":"Zima","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320209","volume":"32","author":"Felson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.11.022","volume":"23","author":"Felson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1609-9","volume":"20","author":"Talbot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.142323","volume":"70","author":"Hui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21954","volume":"65","author":"Pearce","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-80345-x","volume":"14","author":"Salis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/acr2.11644","volume":"6","author":"Salis","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACR Open Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3911","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-30644-6","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.152013","volume":"55","author":"Ni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437443","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1437443","volume":"13","author":"Xiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-262","volume":"14","author":"Mnatzaganian","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-024-05565-2","volume":"144","author":"Zaidi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-021-00283-7","volume":"18","author":"Nicholson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Inflamm"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e943738","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.943738","volume":"30","author":"Geng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14070489","volume":"14","author":"Levy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.7b00342","volume":"31","author":"Pauwels","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.18001\/TRS.4.3.9","volume":"4","author":"Hearn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tob Regul Sci"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.4c00315","volume":"38","author":"Harris","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1080\/02786826.2018.1500013","volume":"52","author":"Conklin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aerosol Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-020-02920-1","volume":"95","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L135","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00170.2016","volume":"311","author":"Martin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649604","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.649604","volume":"12","author":"Masso-Silva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.10.057","volume":"344","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"ref40","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10090506","volume":"10","author":"Nicholson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164137","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1164137","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678757","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.678757","volume":"12","author":"Thomson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-025-03303-9","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13993","volume":"16","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2020-216296","volume":"77","author":"Lugg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref47","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nat Sci"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325090","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1325090","volume":"15","author":"Wohnhaas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.21037\/pm-20-97","volume":"4","author":"Kalininskiy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Med"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12082","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212082","volume":"25","author":"Panichi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607186","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.607186","volume":"7","author":"Lambert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2018.18.e27","volume":"18","author":"Roh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immune Netw"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070734","volume":"8","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2022.12615","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1229-9","volume":"19","author":"Mathiessen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2024.12490","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159167","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1159167","volume":"14","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2581151","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2581151","volume":"2022","author":"Xin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"ref59","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720049","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.720049","volume":"12","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-016-0485-6","volume":"18","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201808-1467LE","volume":"199","author":"Tsai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393418","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1393418","volume":"15","author":"Wen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-02492-9","volume":"30","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2012.09.011","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2024.10.003","volume":"33","author":"Welhaven","year":"2025","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.17179\/excli2023-6096","volume":"22","author":"Hajiasgharzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Excli J"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGENETICS.116.001678","volume":"10","author":"Willinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Genet"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13161330","volume":"13","author":"Besaratinia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.12.020","volume":"25","author":"Kong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2518-z","volume":"20","author":"Johnsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-023-03042-6","volume":"25","author":"Poulsen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2020.09.009","volume":"88","author":"Roux","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-024-00999-9","volume":"61","author":"Zamudio-Cuevas","year":"2025","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Ac01","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/20304.8608","volume":"10","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01504-15","volume":"84","author":"Shen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3390\/children9010062","volume":"9","author":"Armstrong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2015-0075","volume":"33","author":"Zulkifli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Environ Health"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1801513","volume":"203","author":"Teng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963689720947348","DOI":"10.1177\/0963689720947348","volume":"29","author":"Lo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Transplant"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16157","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S545945","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25828","volume":"42","author":"DiNicola","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13671","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50223-y","volume":"9","author":"Chapman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2024.04.003","volume":"46","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"key":"ref85","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-08586-8","volume":"8","author":"Raut","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-023-00304-6","volume":"12","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3390\/biologics5030027","volume":"5","author":"Coleman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biologics"}],"container-title":["International Journal of General Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/116226","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/116226","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T06:25:18Z","timestamp":1781159118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/cigarette-and-electronic-cigarette-exposure-in-osteoarthritis-immune-d-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJGM"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":88,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ijgm.s611519","relation":{},"ISSN":["1178-7074"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1178-7074","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}}}