{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:33:26Z","timestamp":1788863606430,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMDH"],"DOI":"10.2147\/jmdh.s493650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T06:55:11Z","timestamp":1736146511000},"page":"29-39","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Enhancing Clinical Confidence: Effects of Medical Screening and Differential Diagnosis Training for Low Back Pain"],"prefix":"10.2147","volume":"Volume 18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8254-536X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ron","family":"Shavit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7494-6777","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Talma","family":"Kushnir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0870-3723","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yaniv","family":"Nudelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2589-1968","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shmuel","family":"Springer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-11-144","volume":"11","author":"Jordan","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disord"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34347","volume":"64","author":"Hoy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016 - the lancet. Available from: https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-67361732154-2\/fulltext. Accessed July 12, 2020."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X","volume":"391","author":"Hartvigsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3959(99)00187-6","volume":"84","author":"Maniadakis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzz152","volume":"100","author":"Garrity","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20130096","volume":"94","author":"Ojha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"The influence of patient choice of first provider on costs and outcomes: analysis from a physical therapy patient registry - pubMed. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29073842\/. Accessed January 26, 2024."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001729","volume":"42","author":"Fritz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.11648","volume":"314","author":"Fritz","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-4187","volume":"174","author":"Fritz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31825d32f5","volume":"37","author":"Fritz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4629","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12984","volume":"53","author":"Frogner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Policy statement: direct access and patient\/client self-referral to physical therapy. World physiotherapy. Available from: http:\/\/world.physio\/policy\/ps-direct-access. Accessed July 20, 2020."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099198","volume":"52","author":"Lewis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Direct access by state. APTA. Available from: https:\/\/www.apta.org\/advocacy\/issues\/direct-access-advocacy\/direct-access-by-state. Accessed July 20, 2020."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30970-9","volume":"389","author":"Maher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7555.1430","volume":"332","author":"Koes","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2007.00112.x","volume":"7","author":"Sizer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2020.9971","volume":"50","author":"Finucane","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"379","volume":"40","author":"Fred","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1606402","volume":"375","author":"Simpkin","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2020.102179","volume":"48","author":"Greenhalgh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Sci Pract"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.06.342","volume":"19","author":"Tsiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2019.05.004","volume":"42","author":"Dionne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Sci Pract"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3072","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24853","volume":"60","author":"Henschke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098352","volume":"52","author":"Cook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2015.10.003","volume":"22","author":"Monie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Manual Ther"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-05197-3","volume":"20","author":"Schr\u00f6der","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Red flags for back pain | the BMJ. Available from: https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/347\/bmj.f7432. Accessed July 12, 2020.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f7432"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6198.2011.00230.x","volume":"46","author":"Perry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nursing Forum"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2002.01317.x","volume":"36","author":"Hays","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-9-2","volume":"9","author":"Connick","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"95","volume":"45","author":"Alexander","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Allied Health"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2023.102891","volume":"69","author":"March","year":"2024","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Sci Pract"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-023-04821-0","volume":"23","author":"Romney","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11010085","volume":"11","author":"Shavit","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"Confidence in Providing Primary Care to Patients with Low Back Pain among Physiotherapists","year":"2024","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4779974\/v1"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2021.102463","volume":"56","author":"Nudelman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Sci Pract"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.18552\/ijpblhsc.v3i1.209","volume":"3","author":"Blackford","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Pract-Based Learn Health Soc Care"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.3138\/ptc.2014-40E","volume":"67","author":"Mori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiother Can"},{"key":"ref42","volume-title":"Goodman and Snyder\u2019s Differential Diagnosis for Physical Therapists: Screening for Referral","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f7095","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f7095","volume":"347","author":"Downie","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.00134","volume":"100","author":"Premkumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"Red Flags: A Guide to Identifying Serious Pathology of the Spine","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref46","unstructured":"Red Flags: a guide to solving serious pathology of the spine (Physiotherapy Pocketbooks): 9780443069147: medicine & Health Science Books @ Amazon.com. Available from: https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Red-Flags-pathology-Physiotherapy-Pocketbooks-dp-044306914X\/dp\/044306914X\/ref=dp_ob_title_bk. Accessed March 18, 2024."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2022.11147","volume":"53","author":"Rushton","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.06.005","volume":"133","author":"Galliker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"Primary Care for the Physical Therapist: Examination and Triage","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD014461","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD014461.pub2","volume":"8","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59071283","volume":"59","author":"Meidinger","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-017-1094-x","volume":"17","author":"van Lankveld","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ajp.0000178223.85636.49","volume":"22","author":"Pincus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","year":"1988","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005541","volume":"132","author":"Schober","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anesthesia Analg"},{"key":"ref56","unstructured":"Frontiers | calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science: a practical primer for t-tests and ANOVAs. Available from: https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/psychology\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863\/full. Accessed May 6, 2024."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Statistical Softw"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01686","volume":"4","author":"Wickham","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Open Source Softw"},{"key":"ref59","unstructured":"RStudio: integrated development environment for R. Available from: https:\/\/www.kdnuggets.com\/2011\/03\/rstudio-ide-for-r.html. Accessed December 4, 2023."},{"key":"ref60","unstructured":"R: the R project for statistical computing. Available from: https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/. Accessed May 6, 2024."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13","volume":"82","author":"Kuznetsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Statistical Softw"},{"key":"ref62","unstructured":"Clanton J, Gardner A, Cheung M, Mellert L, Evancho-Chapman M, George RL The relationship between confidence and competence in the development of surgical skills. PubMed. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24797858\/. Accessed June 20, 2024."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/00001416-201630030-00006","volume":"30","author":"Black","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Educ"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Using clinical outcomes to identify expert physical therapists | physical therapy | Oxford academic. Available from: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/83\/11\/990\/2857521?login=false. Accessed May 6, 2024.","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/83.11.990"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070110","volume":"88","author":"Resnik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.212","volume":"6","author":"Noll","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physiother Res Int"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4854","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20064854","volume":"20","author":"Besor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msksp.2021.102382","volume":"53","author":"Christe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Sci Pract"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjpain.2012.08.003","volume":"4","author":"Valjakka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20120060","volume":"93","author":"Bury","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30489-6","volume":"391","author":"Foster","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000097","volume":"31","author":"Hasenbring","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diagnostic safety-netting | British journal of general practice. Available from: https:\/\/bjgp.org\/content\/59\/568\/872.short. Accessed July 1, 2024.","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp09X472971"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0920-x","volume":"16","author":"Kahan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"}],"container-title":["Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/98984","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/article\/download\/98984","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T06:55:19Z","timestamp":1736146519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/enhancing-clinical-confidence-effects-of-medical-screening-and-differe-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JMDH"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":74,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/jmdh.s493650","relation":{},"ISSN":["1178-2390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1178-2390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}}}