{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T10:01:20Z","timestamp":1792144880869,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PRBM"],"DOI":"10.2147\/prbm.s428841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T04:11:51Z","timestamp":1697775111000},"page":"4287-4291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["\u201cTO BE OR NOT TO BE\u201d GWAS Ends the Controversy about the DRD2 Gene as a Determinant of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS)"],"prefix":"10.2147","volume":"Volume 16","author":[{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Blum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panayotis","family":"Thanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Baron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1345-2677","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Igor","family":"Elman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440150063027","volume":"263","author":"Blum","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03470130073032","volume":"266","author":"Comings","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"845","volume":"22","author":"Ishiguro","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(93)90309-2","volume":"33","author":"Arinami","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(93)90113-5","volume":"33","author":"Noble","year":"1993","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.6.719","volume":"147","author":"Volkow","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1006\/bmmb.1993.1059","volume":"50","author":"Comings","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem Med Metab Biol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-9877(94)90127-9","volume":"42","author":"Noble","year":"1994","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-199712000-00006","volume":"7","author":"Thompson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810310066012","volume":"48","author":"Noble","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440150102034","volume":"263","author":"Gordis","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7802784","volume":"265","author":"Blum","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3156","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450240058040","volume":"264","author":"Bolos","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8209249","volume":"264","author":"Holden","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0292-32","volume":"266","author":"Horgan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03470130081033","volume":"266","author":"Gelernter","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2005.04.037","volume":"65","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20039","volume":"23","author":"Neville","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00800.x","volume":"32","author":"Yang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1914940","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.14940","volume":"2","author":"Jung","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2174\/2211556008666191111103152","volume":"9","author":"Blum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/2211556010666210215155509","volume":"10","author":"Blum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"37","volume":"10","author":"Blum","year":"1995","journal-title":"Funct Neurol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689608900711","volume":"89","author":"Blum","year":"1996","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12091385","volume":"12","author":"Blum","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12020321","volume":"12","author":"Blum","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-021-00860-2","volume":"24","author":"Levey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01472-3","volume":"27","author":"Kimbrel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-023-00034-y","volume":"1","author":"Hatoum","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Mental Health"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2001.00492.x","volume":"78","author":"Thanos","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.10.061","volume":"77","author":"Thanos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20523","volume":"62","author":"Thanos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Synapse"}],"container-title":["Psychology Research and Behavior Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/getfile.php?fileID=93617","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/getfile.php?fileID=93617","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T04:11:55Z","timestamp":1697775115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/to-be-or-not-to-be-gwas-ends-the-controversy-about-the-drd2-gene-as-a--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PRBM"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/prbm.s428841","relation":{},"ISSN":["1179-1578"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1179-1578","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}}}