{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:41:03Z","timestamp":1789609263141,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["TCRM"],"DOI":"10.2147\/tcrm.s252592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T14:43:06Z","timestamp":1610548986000},"page":"39-54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Emerging B-Cell Therapies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.2147","volume":"Volume 17","author":[{"given":"Ayse","family":"Bag-Ozbek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce S","family":"Hui-Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22510","volume":"56","author":"Costenbader","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2012.10.004","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60279-7","volume":"369","author":"D\u2019Cruz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra071297","volume":"358","author":"Rahman","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.070968","volume":"36","author":"Askanase","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"1275","volume":"26","author":"Carneiro","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2009.10.011","volume":"42","author":"Nashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMct1207259","volume":"368","author":"Hahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61354-2","volume":"377","author":"Navarra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3918","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30613","volume":"63","author":"Furie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-207654","volume":"75","author":"Merrill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-205067","volume":"74","author":"Isenberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-213032","volume":"77","author":"Merrill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39856","volume":"69","author":"Clowse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38037","volume":"65","author":"Mysler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40861","volume":"71","author":"Furie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key042","volume":"57","author":"Masoud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40360","volume":"70","author":"Merrill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref19","volume":"71","author":"Isenberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2018.1432331","volume":"28","author":"Ishii","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.33","volume":"10","author":"Vincent","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3931","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30598","volume":"63","author":"Ritterhouse","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23678","volume":"58","author":"Petri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201847492","volume":"48","author":"Alexander","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh624","volume":"44","author":"Isenberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-007-8028-z","volume":"34","author":"Galarza","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.079095","volume":"67","author":"Jonsdottir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"826","volume":"35","author":"Lindholm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.083162","volume":"67","author":"Albert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2011.03833.x","volume":"12","author":"Kamburova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2011.06.004","volume":"41","author":"Narvaez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.057885","volume":"66","author":"Tokunaga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket462","volume":"53","author":"Moroni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203309106174","volume":"18","author":"Ramos-Casals","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27233","volume":"62","author":"Merrill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34359","volume":"64","author":"Rovin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203316652491","volume":"25","author":"Hui-Yuen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.04.002","volume":"44","author":"Coco-Ibanez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312446627","volume":"21","author":"Fernandez-Nebro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311409273","volume":"20","author":"Pinto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315622819","volume":"25","author":"Henegar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S216193","volume":"14","author":"Guzman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Design Dev Ther"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200937","volume":"71","author":"Van Vollenhoven","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202865","volume":"73","author":"Strand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40049","volume":"69","author":"Stohl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-217101","volume":"79","author":"Brunner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref47","volume":"6","author":"D\u2019Cruz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312465781","volume":"22","author":"Dooley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001180","volume":"383","author":"Furie","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41466","author":"Atisha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.18","volume":"12","author":"Ehrenstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000118","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2015-000118","volume":"3","author":"Collins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40861","volume":"71","author":"Wallace","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150470","volume":"42","author":"Hui-Yuen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref55","unstructured":"A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of belimumab administered in combination with rituximab to adult subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) \u2013 BLISS-BELIEVE. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT 03312907, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref56","unstructured":"A study of subcutaneous (sc) belimumab in pediatric participants with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT 04179032, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.121368","volume":"41","author":"Ginzler","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312469259","volume":"22","author":"Wallace","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315625119","volume":"25","author":"Bruce","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140577","volume":"42","author":"Leblanc-Trudeau","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2016.1198775","volume":"15","author":"Raisch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2550","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21955","volume":"54","author":"Bernatksy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-207653","volume":"75","author":"Isenberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203316650734","volume":"25","author":"Rovin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40360","volume":"70","author":"Merrill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2930","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa029","volume":"59","author":"Morand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39809","volume":"69","author":"Gordon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-205144","volume":"74","author":"Furie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket129","volume":"52","author":"Wallace","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2010.68","volume":"6","author":"Sanz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2023325","volume":"383","author":"Ostendorf","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.1.361","volume":"180","author":"DiLillo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285615601933","volume":"9","author":"Sorensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"ref74","unstructured":"A study to evaluate two doses of ocrelizumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (BEGIN). Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00539838, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref75","unstructured":"A study of ocrelizumab in children and adolescents with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT 04075266, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref76","unstructured":"A study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in adults with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (O\u2019HAND). Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04035005, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex067","volume":"56","author":"Reddy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V124.21.5654.5654","volume":"124","author":"Montillo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfw022","volume":"9","author":"Haarhaus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu475","volume":"54","author":"Thornton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref81","unstructured":"A study to evaluate the effect of XmAb5871 on disease activity in patients with IgG4-related disease. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT 02725476, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/361226a0","volume":"361","author":"Vetrie","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01986","volume":"8","author":"Satterthwaite","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2018.10.008","volume":"197","author":"Chalmers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509388","volume":"373","author":"Burger","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R243","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4086","volume":"14","author":"Hutcheson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref87","unstructured":"MSC2364447C phase Ib in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02537028, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref88","unstructured":"A study of AC0058TA in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03878303, accessed 30 August 2020. 2020."},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043445","volume":"352","author":"Richardson","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4907","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-08-3531","volume":"107","author":"Obeng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1763","volume":"14","author":"Neubert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33333","volume":"64","author":"Ichikawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2011.11.019","volume":"12","author":"Seavey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203319896018","volume":"29","author":"Segarra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206016","volume":"74","author":"Alexander","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211388","volume":"76","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2012.665527","volume":"45","author":"Marino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40388","author":"Louis Bridges","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/getfile.php?fileID=65677","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/getfile.php?fileID=65677","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T14:43:22Z","timestamp":1610549002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.dovepress.com\/emerging-b-cell-therapies-in-systemic-lupus-erythematosus-peer-reviewed-article-TCRM"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":98,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/tcrm.s252592","relation":{},"ISSN":["1178-203X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1178-203X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}