{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T07:48:11Z","timestamp":1762760891237},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]],"date-time":"2013-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2005,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>ABSTRACT: <\/jats:bold> In our previous study, a novel human testis\u2010specific gene, <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic>, was identified using the digital differential display program. In the current study, both <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> mRNA and protein levels in the developmental stage of the testis were detected by SYBR real\u2010time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. A high level of <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> gene expression was observed in normal adult testis but was completely absent in fetal testis. Both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis showed that <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> was expressed in seminiferous tubules of adult testis\u2014more precisely in spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa\u2014but there was no expression in Sertoli and Leydig cells. These results showed that <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> is a stage\u2010specific and germ cell\u2014specific gene, which suggests that it must be involved in the development of testicular maturation. It was also found that the expression level of <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> mRNA in the testes of infertile men was associated with the amount and density of germ cells. With a decrease in the number of germ cells, the expression of <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> mRNA was lower. In addition, the signal in the testes of patients with cryptorchidism or Sertoli cell only syndrome was not detected. Flow cytometry analysis of <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> in human HeLa cells and mouse GC\u20101 spg germ cells indicated that the expression of the <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> gene may delay the progression of G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> to S in the cell cycle. <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> was also shown to be lost in testicular germ cell tumors both at the level of transcription and translation. We hypothesized that the putative function of <jats:italic>SPATA12<\/jats:italic> is to maintain the cell in a differentiated state and\/or to suppress cell proliferation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.106.001560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,22]],"date-time":"2007-06-22T20:00:56Z","timestamp":1182542456000},"page":"502-512","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Expression and Possible Functions of a Novel Gene <i>SPATA12<\/i> in Human 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