{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:06:44Z","timestamp":1788343604801,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]],"date-time":"2013-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1765,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>ABSTRACT: <\/jats:bold> Clinical examination of the scrotum remains the most commonly used technique to diagnose varicoceles. However, scrotal anatomy (eg, thick scrotum, scarring, hydrocele) in some men may make physical examination alone unreliable. In these situations, imaging (eg, ultrasound, Doppler imaging, venography) may be used to diagnose a varicocele. The dilemma is that there are no widely accepted or used criteria to diagnose a varicocele based on imaging. This paper reviews the different imaging techniques used and the accuracy of each in diagnosing a varicocele.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.107.003467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,28]],"date-time":"2008-02-28T02:47:25Z","timestamp":1204166845000},"page":"143-146","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Varicoceles: The Diagnostic Dilemma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jason","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saleh","family":"Binsaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirk","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Jarvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(97)00452-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)56814-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300050706"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.187.3.8497618"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)54970-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)37684-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(77)90132-7"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)56224-4","article-title":"Ultrasonographic diagnosis of varicoceles","volume":"60","author":"Eskew LA","year":"1993","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13503-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.160.2.3523594"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005392-199501000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)66245-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.10068"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)57306-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)44990-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)32521-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138294","article-title":"The subclinical varicocele debate","volume":"9","author":"Marsman JW","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)45827-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38452-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35295-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02549730"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)47733-2","article-title":"Valves of the internal spermatic vein: potential for misdiagnosis of varicocele by venography","volume":"41","author":"Nadel SN","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.8.2147"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38451-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2605.1998.00123.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.07.1019"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.07.1486","article-title":"Report on varicocele and infertility","volume":"86","author":"Practice Committee of the ASRM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(21)01755-9","article-title":"Varicocele","volume":"14","author":"Pryor JL","year":"1987","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1983.2.6.271"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00379-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(21)00624-8","article-title":"Treatment outcome after varicocelectomy. 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