{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T17:40:04Z","timestamp":1760204404501},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]],"date-time":"2013-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1357084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1274,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>ABSTRACT: <\/jats:bold> Our objective was to investigate the genitourinary defects and fertility of the male lysyl oxidase\u2010like 1 gene (<jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic>) knockout (<jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>) mouse, with particular attention to fecundity and testicular, epididymal, gubernacular, and penile histopathology, which may lead us to a better understanding of the role of the elastin\u2010homeostasis gene, <jats:italic>LOXL1<\/jats:italic>, in male sexual development. Genital morphometric evaluation of 6\u2010 to 9\u2010month\u2010old male <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice (n = 26) was compared with C57Bl\/6 controls (n = 24). Measurements included: body weight, scrotal development, evidence of feminization (nipples or vaginal pouch), penile malformations, anogenital distance, and absence\/presence and size of perineal bulge. Sperm production was estimated using a standardized technique. A breeding program was conducted to determine how much of the infertility observed in <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> pairs was due to the male factor. Finally, we performed histopathologic comparison of the genitourinary organs of <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> and control mice. <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice weighed less than their age\u2010matched C57Bl\/6 counterparts (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001). Size\u2010adjusted perineal bulge was larger (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), and resting location of the gonads was higher intra\u2010abdominally (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .048) in the <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice. Estimates of daily sperm counts revealed that the <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> mice had lower sperm production (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .048). <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> males bred with control females demonstrated relative fecundity values intermediate between <jats:italic>Loxl1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/jats:sup> pairs (lowest fecundity) and control pairs (highest fecundity), suggesting a component of male\u2010factor infertility. No histologic differences were noted using hematoxylin\u2010eosin or specialized elastin staining of the gonads, gubernaculum, and penis. Although further studies are warranted, these findings suggest a subtle and likely multifactorial role of the LOXL1 protein in male sexual development and fertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.108.006122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]],"date-time":"2009-07-15T16:07:45Z","timestamp":1247674065000},"page":"452-459","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Sexual Development and Fertility of <i>Loxl1<\/i><sup>\u2212\/\u2013<\/sup> Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Hadley M.","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Una J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Drina","family":"Vurbic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edmund","family":"Sabanegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan H.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiansen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margot S.","family":"Damaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Male and female infertility problems in the immotile\u2010cilia syndrome","volume":"127","author":"Afzelius BA","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.5.1616"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65122-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6603(01)70012-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30836"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2005.031526"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.18.2.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340701819247"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1297"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.050399"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Campbell's Urology","author":"Schneck FX","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","volume-title":"Mouse Genetics: Concepts and Applications","author":"Silver LM","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.07.1522"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"361","article-title":"Pelvic organ prolapse severity increases with age in Fibulin\u20105 knockout (FBLN5 KO) mice","volume":"17","author":"Weislander CK","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dei433"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.13.5.0272"}],"container-title":["Journal of Andrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.2164%2Fjandrol.108.006122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2164\/jandrol.108.006122","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T14:02:38Z","timestamp":1697119358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.2164\/jandrol.108.006122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,8]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2164\/jandrol.108.006122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2164\/jandrol.108.006122","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-3635","1939-4640"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-3635","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-4640","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,8]]}}}