{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T15:08:16Z","timestamp":1782400096407,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]],"date-time":"2021-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":337,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) consists of natural and semi-natural systems implemented to mitigate climate change impacts in urban areas, including elevated air temperatures and flooding. This study is a state-of-the-art review that presents recent research on BGI by identifying and critically evaluating published studies that considered urban heat island mitigation and stormwater management as potential benefits. Thirty-two records were included in the review, with the majority of studies published after 2015. Findings indicate that BGI effectively controls urban runoff and mitigates urban heat, with the literature being slightly more focused on stormwater management than urban heat island mitigation. Among BGI, the studies on blue- and blue-green roofs focused on one benefit at a time (i.e. thermal or hydrologic performance) and did not consider promoting multiple benefits simultaneously. Two-thirds of the selected studies were performed on a large urban scale, with computer modelling and sensor monitoring being the predominant assessment methods. Compared with typical Green Infrastructure (GI), and from a design perspective, many crucial questions on BGI performance, particularly on smaller urban scales, remain unanswered. Future research will have to continue to explore the performance of BGI, considering the identified gaps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/bgs.2021.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]],"date-time":"2021-12-04T16:34:50Z","timestamp":1638635690000},"page":"223-248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["The potential of Blue-Green infrastructure as a climate change adaptation strategy: a systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7051-8743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamer","family":"Almaaitah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B2K3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6871-5796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madison","family":"Appleby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, University of Toronto, 1 Spadina Crescent, Toronto, ON M5S 2J5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard","family":"Rosenblat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, University of Toronto, 1 Spadina Crescent, Toronto, ON M5S 2J5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6235-3918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Drake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7977-0566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darko","family":"Joksimovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, ON M5B2K3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.125829","article-title":"Environmental injustices on Green and blue infrastructure: urban nexus in a macrometropolitan territory","volume":"289","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings11050185","article-title":"Risk reduction framework for blue-Green roofs","volume":"11","year":"2021","journal-title":"Buildings"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.109364","article-title":"Hybrid Green-blue-gray decentralized urban drainage systems design, a simulation-optimization framework","volume":"249","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berardi\n            U.\n           & JafarpurP.2020Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Building Heating and Cooling Energy Demand in Canada.","DOI":"10.11159\/icert20.01"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005305708775","article-title":"Effects of land use on the climate of the United States","volume":"37","year":"1997","journal-title":"Climatic Change"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.3390\/w13050651","article-title":"Nature-based solutions and real-time control: challenges and opportunities","volume":"13","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C1a","first-page":"4","year":"2018"},{"issue":"622","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.13","article-title":"On the robustness of changes in extreme precipitation over Europe from two high resolution climate change simulations","volume":"133","year":"2007","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C2a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/1573062X.2020.1850807","article-title":"Long-term experiments for the evaluation of the potential for storm water control of modular blue roofs in Mediterranean climate","volume":"18","year":"2021","journal-title":"Urban Water Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1080\/1573062X.2019.1597377","article-title":"Laboratory analysis of the outflow and detention processes from modular tray-based blue roofs","volume":"15","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urban Water Journal."},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2021.103331","article-title":"Governance assessment of a blue-Green infrastructure project in a small size city in Belgium. The potential of Herentals for a leapfrog to water sensitive","volume":"117","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cities"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaporation from (Blue-)Green roofs: assessing the benefits of a storage and capillary irrigation system based on measurements and modeling","volume":"10","year":"2018","journal-title":"Water (Switzerland)"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.111756","article-title":"Next generation swale design for stormwater runoff treatment: a comprehensive approach","volume":"279","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C12","first-page":"953","article-title":"Spatial evaluation of multiple benefits to encourage multifunctional design of sustainable drainage in Blue-Green cities","volume":"9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Water (Switzerland)"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C3a","first-page":"101858","article-title":"Influence of blue infrastructure on lawn thermal microclimate in a subtropical green space","volume-title":"Sustainable Cities and Society","year":"2020"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1504\/IJW.2019.099514","article-title":"Modelling the impacts of blue-Green infrastructure on rainfall runoff: a case study of Eastern Victoria, Australia","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Water"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C14","first-page":"35","article-title":"Urban Green space planning for climate adaptation in Indian cities","volume":"10","year":"2014","journal-title":"Urban Climate"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C15","first-page":"1040","article-title":"Utilising Green and bluespace to mitigate urban heat island intensity","volume":"584\u2013585","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science of The Total Environment"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herslund\n            L.\n          , LundD., J\u00f8rgensenG., MguniP., KombeW. & YeshitelaK.2015Towards Climate Change Resilient Cities in Africa \u2013 Initiating Adaptation in Dar es Salaam and Addis Ababa. Future City, pp.319\u2013348.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-03982-4_10"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C5a","first-page":"217","article-title":"Integrating urban blue and green areas based on historical evidence","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urban Forestry and Urban Greening"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C17","volume-title":"Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Summary for Policymakers, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","author":"IPCC","year":"2007"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate2258","article-title":"Heavier summer downpours with climate change revealed by weather forecast resolution model","volume":"4","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Climate Change"},{"issue":"14","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7267","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b05870","article-title":"Smarter stormwater systems","volume":"50","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"},{"issue":"8","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C6a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1089\/ees.2012.0427","article-title":"The Innovation Deficit in Urban Water: The Need for an Integrated Perspective on Institutions, Organizations, and Technology","volume":"30","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environmental Engineering Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C7a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.3390\/su12062163","article-title":"Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) in Dense Urban Watersheds. The Case of the Medrano Stream Basin (MSB) in Buenos Aires","volume":"12","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C20","first-page":"215","article-title":"Die W\u00e4rmezonen der Erde, nach der Dauer der heissen, gem\u00e4ssigten und kalten Zeit und nach der Wirkung der W\u00e4rme auf die organische Welt betrachtet (The thermal zones of the earth according to the duration of hot, moderate and cold periods and of the impact of heat on the organic world)","volume":"1","year":"1884","journal-title":"Meteorologische Zeitschrift"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C8a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2020.102683","article-title":"The role of blue and green infrastructure in thermal sensation in public urban areas: A case study of summer days in four Czech cities","volume":"66","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainable Cities and Society"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C21","first-page":"727","article-title":"Green roof hydrologic performance and modeling: a review","volume":"69","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Science and Technology"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.02.079","article-title":"Urban ecological infrastructure: an integrated network for ecosystem services and sustainable urban systems","volume":"163","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.3390\/w6041069","article-title":"Review and research needs of bioretention used for the treatment of urban stormwater","volume":"6","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Blue-Green infrastructure for sustainable urban stormwater management-lessons from six municipality-led pilot projects in Beijing and Copenhagen","volume":"11","year":"2019","journal-title":"Water (Switzerland)"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.uclim.2020.100581","article-title":"Is urbanisation also the culprit of climate change? \u2013 evidence from Australian cities","volume":"31","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urban Climate"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2014.04.011","article-title":"Assessing the impact of urbanization on storm runoff in a peri-urban catchment using historical change in impervious cover","volume":"515","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C9a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b2535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"339","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C27","first-page":"100227","article-title":"Hybrid infrastructures, hybrid governance: new evidence from Nairobi (Kenya) on Green-blue-grey infrastructure in informal settlements","volume":"29","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anthropocene"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.127296","article-title":"Role of civil society organizations for promoting Green and blue infrastructure to adapting climate change: evidence from Islamabad city, Pakistan","volume":"309","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"issue":"9","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1080\/1573062X.2017.1279190","article-title":"Recognising barriers to implementation of Blue-Green infrastructure: a Newcastle case study","volume":"14","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urban Water Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C30","first-page":"544","article-title":"International perceptions of urban blue-Green infrastructure: a comparison across four cities","volume":"13","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water (Switzerland)"},{"issue":"455","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C31","first-page":"1","article-title":"The energetic basis of the urban heat island","volume":"108","year":"1982","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-6717-5_4","article-title":"Rain garden \u2013 A solution to urban flooding: a review","volume":"30","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2020.102373","article-title":"Low impact development techniques to mitigate the impacts of climate-change-induced urban floods: current trends, issues and challenges","volume":"62","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainable Cities and Society"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C34","first-page":"643","article-title":"Influence of climate change on IDF curves for the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain)","volume":"34","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Climatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C35","first-page":"1534","article-title":"Rethinking urban areas: an example of an integrated blue-Green approach","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"Water Science and Technology: Water Supply"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings10120233","article-title":"Increasing Green infrastructure in cities: impact on ambient temperature, Air quality and heat-related mortality and morbidity","volume":"10","year":"2020","journal-title":"Buildings"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1515\/jwld-2017-0032","article-title":"Application of Green blue roof to mitigate heat island phenomena and resilient to climate change in urban areas: a case study from Seoul, Korea","volume":"33","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Water and Land Development"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C38","first-page":"715","article-title":"The potential of Green-blue roof to manage storm water in urban areas","volume":"15","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Environment and Pollution Technology"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2018.04.006","article-title":"Green roof benefits, opportunities and challenges \u2013 A review","volume":"90","year":"2018","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.119471","article-title":"An overview of life cycle assessment of Green roofs","volume":"250","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C41","first-page":"628","article-title":"Predictive Real-Time Control Optimization of a Stormwater Management System","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C13a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.18848\/2325-1077\/CGP\/v09i01\/55081","article-title":"The impact of green areas on mitigating urban heat island effect: A review","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Sustainability"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C42","unstructured":"Sivertsen\n            E.\n          , ElvebakkK., KvandeT. & TimeB.2019Klimatilpasset Bygning-Anvisning for Anskaffelse I Plan- Og Byggeprosessen. Klima 2050 Report; SINTEF Building and Infrastructure, Trondheim, Norway"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2017.09.649","article-title":"Moisture-resilient upgrading to blue-Green roofs","volume":"132","year":"2017","journal-title":"Energy Procedia"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C44","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluating flood risk reduction by urban blue-Green infrastructure using insurance data","volume":"145","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3122","DOI":"10.3390\/w12113122","article-title":"A need for standardized reporting: a scoping review of bioretention research 2000\u20132019","volume":"12","year":"2020","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C46","author":"Standards Norway NS 3514:2020","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120528","article-title":"Blue Green infrastructure, from niche to mainstream: challenges and opportunities for planning in Stockholm","volume":"166","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technological Forecasting and Social Change"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2014.01.006","article-title":"Sensitivity of evapotranspiration to climatic change in different climates","volume":"115","year":"2014","journal-title":"Global and Planetary Change"},{"issue":"7870","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03695-w","article-title":"Satellite imaging reveals increased proportion of population exposed to floods","volume":"596","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C50","first-page":"S960","article-title":"Overcoming uncertainty and barriers to adoption of blue-Green infrastructure for urban flood risk management","volume":"11","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Flood Risk Management"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.3390\/w8080346","article-title":"Water level loggers as a low-cost tool for monitoring of stormwater control measures","volume":"8","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.112371","article-title":"Reviewing financing barriers and strategies for urban nature-based solutions","volume":"289","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C53","volume-title":"Low Impact Development Stormwater Management Planning and Design Guide","author":"TRCA and CVC","year":"2011"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C54","volume-title":"World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision (ST\/ESA\/SER.A\/420","author":"United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2018.02.001","article-title":"A distributed modelling approach to assess the use of blue and Green infrastructures to fulfil stormwater management requirements","volume":"173","year":"2018","journal-title":"Landscape and Urban Planning"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.12.119","article-title":"Green roofs: a critical review on the role of components, benefits, limitations and trends","volume":"57","year":"2016","journal-title":"Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C10a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3112\/erdkunde.2013.04.05","article-title":"Evidence for the temperature-mitigating capacity of urban blue space \u2014 a health geographic perspective","volume":"67","year":"2013","journal-title":"Erdkunde"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2014.07.018","article-title":"Planning support system for climate adaptation: composing effective sets of blue-Green measures to reduce urban vulnerability to extreme weather events","volume":"83","year":"2015","journal-title":"Building and Environment"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landurbplan.2017.01.010","article-title":"Urban heat islands as agricultural opportunities: an innovative approach","volume":"161","year":"2017","journal-title":"Landscape and Urban Planning"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1002\/2014RG000464","article-title":"Future changes to the intensity and frequency of short-duration extreme rainfall","volume":"52","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reviews of Geophysics"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C60","volume-title":"The SuDS Manual. CIRIA Report C753","year":"2015"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C14a","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.133742","article-title":"Understanding the relationship between urban blue infrastructure and land surface temperature","volume":"694","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C11a","first-page":"657","year":"2018"},{"issue":"22","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C62","first-page":"1","article-title":"Green infrastructure: systematic literature review","volume":"1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Economic Research-Ekonomska Istra\u017eivanja"},{"key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zareian\n            M.\n          , EslamianS., GohariA. & AdamowskiJ.2017The Effect of Climate Change on Watershed Water Balance.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-43901-3_10"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.3390\/w6040976","article-title":"A review of sustainable urban drainage systems considering the climate change and urbanization impacts","volume":"6","year":"2014","journal-title":"Water"},{"issue":"724","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.3599","article-title":"Processes determining heat waves across different European climates","volume":"145","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2021122112015555300_BGS-D-21-00016C66","first-page":"425","article-title":"Modelling the potential of Green and blue infrastructure to reduce urban heat load in the city of Vienna","volume":"135","year":"2016","journal-title":"Climatic Change"}],"container-title":["Blue-Green Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/bgs\/article-pdf\/3\/1\/223\/980403\/bgs0030223.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/bgs\/article-pdf\/3\/1\/223\/980403\/bgs0030223.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T12:04:01Z","timestamp":1640088241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/bgs\/article\/3\/1\/223\/85658\/The-potential-of-Blue-Green-infrastructure-as-a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/bgs.2021.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["2617-4782"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2617-4782","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]}}}