{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:39:51Z","timestamp":1790156391323,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The application of nano-TiO2 as adsorbent combined with ultrasound for the degradation of N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (AAP) from aqueous solution was investigated. The nano-TiO2 was characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and attenuated total reflection\u2013Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Experimental results revealed that the adsorption of AAP by nano-TiO2 fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the equilibrium could be explained by the Freundlich isotherm and the treatment process is exothermic. The optimum removal efficiency of AAP (128.89 mg\/g (77.33%)) was achieved at pH 4 when 0.03 g of nano-TiO2 was mixed with 50 mL of 100 mg\/L AAP aqueous solution at ambient temperature, 60 min contact time, and a stirring speed of 120 rpm. Ultrasound at 20 kHz and pH 3 was favorable and it resulted in 52.61% and 57.43% removal efficiency with and without the addition of nano-TiO2, respectively. The degradation of AAP by ultrasound followed by nano-TiO2 treatment resulted in approximately 99.50% removal efficiency. This study showed that a sequential ultrasound and nano-TiO2 treatment process could be employed for the removal of AAP or other emerging water and wastewater contaminants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2017.145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]],"date-time":"2017-10-17T00:25:19Z","timestamp":1508199919000},"page":"1015-1027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Nano-TiO2, ultrasound and sequential nano-TiO2\/ultrasonic degradation of N-acetyl-para-aminophenol from aqueous solution"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Olushola S.","family":"Ayanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa"},{"name":"Nanoscience Research, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Federal University Oye Ekiti, P.M.B 373, Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simphiwe M.","family":"Nelana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie F.","family":"Petrik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental and Nano Sciences Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliazer B.","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020032616052679700_JWH-D-17-00145C1","first-page":"1071","article-title":"Photocatalytic degradation of 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