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However, the presence of this genus may suggest the existence of one of the highly pathogenic free-living amoeba (FLA) species: Naegleria fowleri or the brain-eating amoeba. This facultative parasitic protozoon represents a risk to public health, mainly related to domestic and agricultural waters. In this research, our main objective was to determine the existence of pathogenic protozoa in the Santa Cruz wastewater treatment plant, Santiago Island. Using 5 L of water we confirmed the presence of potentially pathogenic Naegleria australiensis, being the first report on Naegleria species in Cape Verde. This fact demonstrates the low efficiency in the treatment of wastewater and, consequently, a potential threat to public health. Nevertheless, more studies will be needed for the prevention and control of possible infections in this Macaronesian country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2023.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T14:50:35Z","timestamp":1677768635000},"page":"443-450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Naegleria australiensis<\/i> isolated from a wastewater treatment station in Santiago Island, Cape Verde"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Djeniffer","family":"Sousa-Ramos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrof\u00edsico Fco. S\u00e1nchez s\/n, San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38203, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Reyes-Batlle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrof\u00edsico Fco. S\u00e1nchez s\/n, San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38203, Spain"},{"name":"b Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain"},{"name":"c CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia Karla","family":"Bellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"d Laboratory of Cell Cycle, Butantan Institute, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"e Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Butantan Institute, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rub\u00e9n Leocadio","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Exp\u00f3sito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrof\u00edsico Fco. S\u00e1nchez s\/n, San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38203, Spain"},{"name":"b Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Enrique","family":"Pi\u00f1ero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrof\u00edsico Fco. S\u00e1nchez s\/n, San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38203, Spain"},{"name":"b Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain"},{"name":"c CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Lorenzo-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud P\u00fablica de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrof\u00edsico Fco. S\u00e1nchez s\/n, San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38203, Spain"},{"name":"b Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecolog\u00eda, Pediatr\u00eda, Medicina Preventiva y Salud P\u00fablica, Toxicolog\u00eda, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitolog\u00eda, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), San Crist\u00f3bal de La Laguna, Tenerife 38200, Spain"},{"name":"c CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2023062107433027600_JWH-D-23-00008C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2102.141576","article-title":"Fatal meningoencephalitis in child and isolation of Naegleria fowleri from hot springs in Costa Rica","volume":"21","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious 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