{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T11:57:15Z","timestamp":1759147035503,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011615","name":"University of Ruhuna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011615","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p\/>\n               <jats:p>In this study, the ability of low-cost composite adsorbents to treat organic compounds in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) was investigated. The composite adsorbents were composed of washed sea sand (WSS), dewatered alum sludge (DAS), zero-valent iron (ZVI), and granular activated carbon (GAC). The removal efficiency of COD in landfill leachate by a composite adsorbent (composed of WSS (40%), DAS (40%), ZVI (10%), and GAC (10%) in weight) was 79.93 \u00b1 1.95%. The corresponding adsorption capacity was 8.5 mg\/g. During batch sorption experiments, the maximum COD removal efficiencies given by DAS, WSS, ZVI, and GAC were 16, 51.3, 42, and 100.0%, respectively. The maximum removal efficiencies of the above composite adsorbent for TN and TP were 84.9 and 97.4%, respectively, and the adsorption capacities were 1.85 and 0.55 mg\/g, respectively. The Elovich isotherm model gave the best fit for COD, TN, and TP adsorption. This composite adsorbent can treat more than one contaminant simultaneously. The application of DAS and ZVI to make an efficient adsorbent for wastewater treatment would be a good re-use application for them, which would otherwise be landfilled directly after their generation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2023.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T14:53:39Z","timestamp":1684248819000},"page":"789-814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Low-cost treatment method for organic matter and nutrients in landfill leachate"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"G. R. Y.","family":"Perera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ruhuna, Hapugala, Galle, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3309-8430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. K. C. Neetha","family":"Dayanthi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ruhuna, Hapugala, Galle, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2012.08.028"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2014.01.020"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-4120(01)00018-6"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09593332108618077"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.DESAL.2004.10.014"},{"volume-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","year":"1998","author":"Clesceri","key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-6"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-018-0786-8"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9790\/5736-0313845"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2012.07.031"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00908016"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12205-017-1430-z"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7763\/IJCEA.2015.V6.503"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micromeso.2007.08.002"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.12.062"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00935.x"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susmat.2016.06.002"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.5772\/60924","article-title":"Perspectives on Biological Treatment of Sanitary Landfill leachate","volume-title":"Wastewater Treatment Engineering","author":"Gotvajn","year":"2015"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-18","first-page":"1155","article-title":"Seasonal characterization of landfill leachate and effect of seasonal variations of treatment processes of coagulation\/Flocculation and adsorption","volume":"23","author":"G\u00fcne\u015f","year":"2014","journal-title":"Polish Journal of Environment"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2004.06.126"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2010.05.036"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ees.2010.0204"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56431\/p-c20qfs"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w12020587"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19443994.2016.1192494"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-66322010000200012"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2005.08.010"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja02242a004"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2015.03.011"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2003.09.022"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.03.112"},{"volume-title":"Granular Activated Carbon Fact Sheet","year":"2013","author":"Patil","key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-31"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1004-9541(08)60347-X"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hbrcj.2013.05.007"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5772\/55953","article-title":"Adsorption Technique for the Removal of Organic Pollutants from Water and Wastewater","volume-title":"Organic Pollutants \u2013 Monitoring, Risk and Treatment","author":"Rashed","year":"2013"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2006.12.004"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.09.077"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-37","first-page":"1","article-title":"Low-Cost Materials with Adsorption Performance","volume-title":"Handbook of Eco-Materials","author":"Sadegh","year":"2017"},{"article-title":"The effect of contact time and pH on Methylene Blue Removal by Volcanic Ash","year":"2014","author":"Said","key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-38"},{"issue":"2","key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-39","first-page":"66","article-title":"A review on batch and column adsorption of various adsorbent towards the removal of heavy metal","volume":"67","author":"Sazali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences"},{"issue":"7","key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-40","first-page":"1546","article-title":"The reuse of dewatered alum sludge collected from water treatment plant for phosphorous removal in domestic wastewater","volume":"3","author":"Shreyas","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wcc.2022.126"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5402\/2011\/402647."},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2006.564"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2006.01.013"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2023.014-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2014.09.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Water and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/jwh\/article-pdf\/21\/6\/789\/1247037\/jwh0210789.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/jwh\/article-pdf\/21\/6\/789\/1247037\/jwh0210789.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T10:02:17Z","timestamp":1688119337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/jwh\/article\/21\/6\/789\/95080\/Low-cost-treatment-method-for-organic-matter-and"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wh.2023.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-8920","1996-7829"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1477-8920"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1996-7829"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]]}}}