{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:17:33Z","timestamp":1792174653370,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University Grants Commission ofIndia","award":["KLMG061TF5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLMG061TF5"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p\/>\n               <jats:p>Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of human gastroenteritis associated with seafood consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and risk assessment of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from live Indian black clams, sediment, and water samples collected from shellfish harvesting areas located along the south-west coast of India. Out of the total 72 samples collected, 55.6% revealed the presence of V. parahaemolyticus; the highest occurrence was observed in shellfish samples. The presence of tdh and trh virulence genes was screened by multiplex PCR. Virulence genes could be detected in 25.8% of the strains; 19.35% of them were trh positive and 3.2% were tdh positive, while 3.2% of strains exhibited the coexistence of both virulence genes. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determined by the disk diffusion method revealed that 87% of the strains were multiple drug resistant and exhibited 21 diverse resistance patterns. The overall multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index values ranged from 0 to 0.8. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to document the presence of pathogenic and multidrug-resistant V. parahaemolyticus in shellfish harvesting areas of the Indian sub-continent. The study reveals possible health hazards associated with consuming shellfish harvested from the study area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2024.338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T12:35:25Z","timestamp":1722947725000},"page":"1594-1605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Occurrence, virulence, and AMR profile of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus<\/i> isolated from shellfish growing areas located along the south-west coast of India"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ally C.","family":"Antony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Biosciences, M.E.S College, Marampally, Aluva, Ernakulam 683105, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reshma","family":"Silvester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2DG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. A.","family":"Aneesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Department of Biochemistry, Sree Sankara College, Kalady, Ernakulam 683574, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vipindas","family":"P. V.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"d National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Headland Sada, Vasco da Gama, Goa 403804, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah Gnana","family":"Selvam A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"e Department of Microbiology, The American College, Madurai 625002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivas","family":"Salim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Biosciences, M.E.S College, Marampally, Aluva, Ernakulam 683105, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mini K.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Biosciences, M.E.S College, Marampally, Aluva, Ernakulam 683105, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Hatha","family":"Abdulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"f Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin 682 016, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"2024092710412584500_JWH-D-23-00338C1","first-page":"6268","article-title":"Serogroup, virulence, and genetic traits of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the estuarine ecosystem of Bangladesh","volume":"75","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. 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