{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:35:52Z","timestamp":1791894952505,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["40118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["40118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Department of Science and Innovation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009977","name":"ELMA Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23-R0008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23-R0008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["138011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["138011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Research, Evidence and Development Initiative","award":["300342-104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["300342-104"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p\/>\n               <jats:p>There is growing interest in the utility of wastewater and environmental surveillance (WES) in supporting disease outbreaks, including the monitoring of Vibrio cholerae. The objective of this scoping review was to describe the current evidence regarding the surveillance of V. cholerae in wastewater and wastewater-impacted environmental waters (including drinking water). We conducted a comprehensive electronic search, updated to January 2025. Following duplicate screening, we identified 114 eligible studies. The studies evaluated early WES warning systems, monitored trends in ongoing outbreaks, and described serogroups and virulent strains of toxigenic V. cholerae circulating in communities. Most studies were conducted in South-East Asia (44%), particularly India and Bangladesh, where cholera is endemic. A large proportion of studies detected V. cholerae subgroup O1 or O139, and numerous virulent strains such as ctxA\/B. Studies were generally poorly reported, for example, inconsistent reporting on sample management, data reliability, and sampling frequency were common. WES has not been widely integrated into existing surveillance systems for real-time cholera monitoring. Our findings underscore the need for further clearly reported research to clarify the role of WES for early warning systems for cholera outbreaks, and to identify strategies that may optimise WES implementation for public health benefit.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2025.351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T14:00:31Z","timestamp":1747749631000},"page":"715-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Wastewater and environmental surveillance for <i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i>: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1983-8968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9e","family":"Street","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"},{"name":"b Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3793-3544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sizwe","family":"Nkambule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"},{"name":"b Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nomfundo","family":"Mahlangeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"},{"name":"b Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mashudu","family":"Mthethwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ntombifuthi","family":"Blose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Genthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Kredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025063007015021100_JWH-D-24-00351C1","first-page":"1","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 RNA monitoring in wastewater as a potential early warning system for COVID-19 transmission in the community: a temporal case study","volume":"761","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science of The Total Environment"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025063007015021100_JWH-D-24-00351C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0124098","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124098","article-title":"\u00a0Increased isolation frequency of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 from environmental monitoring sites in Haiti","volume":"10","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025063007015021100_JWH-D-24-00351C3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Updated global burden of cholera in endemic countries","volume":"9","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Tropical 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challenges and World Health Organization initiatives in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a narrative review","volume":"9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2025063007015021100_JWH-D-24-00351C501","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01560","article-title":"Environmental Surveillance of Vibrio cholerae O1\/O139 in the Five African Great Lakes and Other Major Surface Water Sources in Uganda","volume":"9","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"2025063007015021100_JWH-D-24-00351C8","author":"CDC","year":"2024"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025063007015021100_JWH-D-24-00351C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03540-14","article-title":"\u00a0Non-O1\/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae carrying multiple virulence factors and V. cholerae O1 in the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland","volume":"81","year":"2015","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental 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