{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T04:15:03Z","timestamp":1770092103904,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n                  <jats:p>Silver ions (Ag+) are effective antimicrobial agents, but the quantitative role of microbial cell characteristics in governing Ag+ reactivity has remained unclear. This study aimed to quantitatively investigate how microbial cell characteristics influence their susceptibility to Ag+. Escherichia coli (Gram-negative), Micrococcus luteus (Gram-positive), Aspergillus brasiliensis (fungi), and Candida maltosa (yeast) were exposed to Ag+ dosing of 0.05\u20130.2 mg-Ag\/L for 0\u201360 min. Then, the intrinsic quenching model was applied to the experimental results to quantify species-specific rate constant (k L min\u22121 mg\u22121), adsorption rate constant (\u03b2 min\u22121), and dilution coefficient (n dimensionless), linking cell features to observe the inactivation kinetics. Free-ion dosing achieved 99.8% disinfection of E. coli and \u2265\u202f88.5% reduction of fungal species within 15 min at just 0.1 mg-Ag\/L. E.\u202fcoli exhibited the fastest Ag+ uptake and the highest inactivation rate (k15 min\u22121), followed by C.\u202fmaltosa, A.\u202fbrasiliensis, and M.\u202fluteus, reflecting increasing diffusion barriers. While the previous qualitative studies have clarified the basic mechanisms of Ag+ interaction with cells, we extended those insights to the quantitative assessment. By fitting the intrinsic quenching model to the experimental data, we derived species-specific parameters that translate cell characteristics into quantitative metrics, providing a practical basis for optimizing Ag+ dosing across microbes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2025.364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T14:28:11Z","timestamp":1767882491000},"page":"36-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of silver ion disinfection in relation to microbial cell characteristics based on intrinsic quenching model"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jaffar Muhammad","family":"Hassnain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Machicado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuta","family":"Hatano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chihiro","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2025.364-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-99-2874-3","volume-title":"Nanomaterials for Environmental and Agricultural Sectors","author":"Bachheti","year":"2023"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2025.364-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Birmele M. N. & Roberts M. S. (2011) Disinfection of Spacecraft Potable Water Systems by Passivation with Ionic Silver. Kennedy Space Center, FL, USA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Report No. KSC-2011-153. 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