{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:43:08Z","timestamp":1788932588167,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fund for a Resilient Nevada"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n                  <jats:p>This study demonstrates the use of wastewater monitoring for opioids and other high-risk substances on a university campus, intended to inform public health surveillance and response efforts for youth and transitional age youth. Over a 14-week campaign, we collected 54 grab samples from three campus manholes, including one that isolated flows from a student housing complex, and analyzed them for 24 parent compounds and metabolites using LC-MS\/MS. Heroin and its metabolite 6-acetylmorphine were among several opioid-related detections, illustrating how campus wastewater monitoring can capture actionable use events for targeted public health interventions. Fentanyl, norfentanyl, and xylazine were consistently below their method reporting limits across all 54 samples, consistent with recent declines in national overdose and wastewater datasets. The highest detection frequencies were associated with methamphetamine (22\u201350%), amphetamine (39\u201383%), and a THC metabolite (50\u2013100%). This study also highlights the implications of sample type (grab vs. composite) and day of week for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). Considering that the use of opioid-related WBE as an actionable public health surveillance tool is still relatively new, additional case studies are needed to explore the potential of this emerging tool and increase confidence in deploying public health interventions in response to wastewater data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2026.182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T14:13:14Z","timestamp":1769091194000},"page":"65-80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Piloting wastewater-based monitoring on a university campus to inform public health surveillance and response for opioids and other high-risk substances"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8019-9723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Gerrity","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Southern Nevada Water Authority, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9139-1873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casey A.","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Southern Nevada Water Authority, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Trenholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Southern Nevada Water Authority, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Southern Nevada Water Authority, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA"},{"name":"b Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Platteville, Platteville, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin C.","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Precision Medicine, College of Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA"},{"name":"d Neuroscience Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA"},{"name":"e Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA"},{"name":"f Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil T.","family":"Mangla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"g Southern Nevada Health District, Las Vegas, NV, USA"},{"name":"h School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassius","family":"Lockett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"g Southern Nevada Health District, Las Vegas, NV, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett J.","family":"Vanderford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Southern Nevada Water Authority, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.70027"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146408"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304865"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-4","volume-title":"Biobot Analytics Awarded NIDA Funding for Nationwide Wastewater-Based Monitoring Program for High Risk Substances and Others Associated with Health Risks","author":"Biobot","year":"2023"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c02388"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c04529"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.02.020"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-8","volume-title":"WISQARS Leading Causes of Death Visualization Tool","author":"CDC","year":"2023"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-9","volume-title":"U.S. Overdose Deaths Decrease Almost 27% in 2024","author":"CDC National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2025"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-10","volume-title":"Statement From CDC's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control on Provisional 2024 Overdose Death Data","author":"CDC Newsroom","year":"2025"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2018.06.004"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-12","volume-title":"The top 200 of 2022","author":"ClinCalc","year":"2025"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2020.106290"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1508490"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-021-00853-4"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306332"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2312084"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-18","volume-title":"Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 2003\u20132023 Key Findings Data From the National Vital Statistics System","author":"Garnett","year":"2024"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.1c00882"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.1c00378"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156714"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.168369"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2025.124605"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-147"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.09.179"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.07.073"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2019.06.003"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18094455"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.12.043"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-30","volume-title":"Facing Addiction in America: the Surgeon General's Spotlight on Opioids","author":"HHS","year":"2018"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-31","volume-title":"Nevada Received $1.2B in Opioid Settlements. Where has it Gone?","author":"Hill","year":"2025"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.1c00405"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2024.074"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.117789"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-35","volume-title":"The Principles for the use of Funds From the Opioid Litigation","author":"JHBSPH","year":"2025"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsmc\/xtac017"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2025.104769"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20176636"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141712"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-40","unstructured":"NMDOH (2023) State Launches Wastewater Drug Testing Dashboard for Public High Schools. Available at: https:\/\/www.env.nm.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/2023-12-13-COMMS-State-launches-wastewater-drug-testing-dashboard-for-public-high-schools-Final.pdf."},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-41","unstructured":"Noguchi Y. (2024) \u2018He was in recovery and in college. Then he died of an overdose,\u2019 NPR, 13 August. Available at: https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/shots-health-news\/2024\/08\/13\/g-s1-16649\/narcan-naloxone-college-campus-drug-overdose (Accessed: 21 July 2025)."},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-42","volume-title":"Overdose Detection Mapping Application Program","author":"ODMAP","year":"2025"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-022-07686-z"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.05.017"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-45","article-title":"Assessment of different subsampling intervals with time-based composite sampling for decentralized wastewater monitoring programs","author":"Rocha","journal-title":"Environmental Advances"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.0665"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-024-05522-x"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-48","unstructured":"SNHD (2024) Southern Nevada Health District Launches Substance Use Dashboard. Available at: https:\/\/www.southernnevadahealthdistrict.org\/news-release\/southern-nevada-health-district-launches-substance-use-dashboard\/ (Accessed: 18 July 2025)."},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2022.11.011"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.26.10.1501"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.150013"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-52","unstructured":"Viloria C. (2002) \u2018Glendale girl pleads guilty in homicide of ASU sophomore,\u2019 The State Press, 12 September. Available at: https:\/\/www.statepress.com\/article\/2002\/09\/glendale-girl-pleads-guilty-in-homicide-of-asu-sophomore (Accessed: 21 July 2025)."},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149930"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c01251"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-55","volume-title":"Trump Administration Says it Wants to Fight Fentanyl, but It's Slashing Budget to Fight Opioid Overdoses","author":"Wildes","year":"2025"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2019.106268"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.32682"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.182-58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.05.030"}],"container-title":["Journal of Water and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/jwh\/article-pdf\/24\/1\/65\/1604857\/jwh2026182.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/jwh\/article-pdf\/24\/1\/65\/1604857\/jwh2026182.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T15:39:10Z","timestamp":1770046750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/jwh\/article\/24\/1\/65\/110668\/Piloting-wastewater-based-monitoring-on-a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wh.2026.182","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-8920","1996-7829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-8920","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-7829","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}}}