{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T07:18:27Z","timestamp":1788160707087,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Development Committee"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wastewater-based surveillance is increasingly used to track antimicrobial resistance (AMR), yet evidence from treatment configurations common in small and mid-sized cities, particularly upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors and stabilization ponds, remains limited. We conducted culture-based surveillance in two full-scale municipal wastewater treatment systems in Colombia: a UASB\u2013trickling filter line and a stabilization pond system. Influent, biological-stage, and effluent samples were analyzed for extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-associated and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and \u03b2-lactamase genes, including blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M groups, AmpC-related determinants, and carbapenemase genes. Total heterotrophic bacteria declined in both systems, but attenuation of resistant Gram-negative bacilli differed by configuration. The UASB\u2013trickling filter system did not reduce carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and showed higher ESBL and multidrug-resistant (MDR) frequencies in effluent than in influent. In contrast, stabilization ponds achieved &amp;gt;1-log reductions in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli and lower ESBL and MDR frequencies. blaCTX-M group 1 predominated across isolates, and blaKPC was detected in both systems in Enterobacterales and Aeromonas spp. Conventional organic-load indicators did not predict AMR-related outcomes, whereas treatment configuration was more closely associated with resistant-bacteria persistence and attenuation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2026.253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:17:00Z","timestamp":1787026620000},"page":"1141-1156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wastewater treatment configuration shapes ESBL- and KPC-producing gram-negative bacteria in effluents from a Colombian city: a one health perspective"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7740-9555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Pollution Diagnosis and Control Research Group (GDCON), University Research Campus (SIU), University of Antioquia, Cl 62# 52-59, Medellin, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9310-6925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana Catalina","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Pollution Diagnosis and Control Research Group (GDCON), University Research Campus (SIU), University of Antioquia, Cl 62# 52-59, Medellin, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9183-1912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Natalia","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b L\u00ednea de Epidemiologia molecular Bacteriana. Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica y Aplicada (MICROBA), Escuela de Microbiolog\u00eda, Universidad de Antioquia, Medell\u00edn, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3065-0285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo A.","family":"Pe\u00f1uela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Pollution Diagnosis and Control Research Group (GDCON), University Research Campus (SIU), University of Antioquia, Cl 62# 52-59, Medellin, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4352-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy J.","family":"Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Pollution Diagnosis and Control Research Group (GDCON), University Research Campus (SIU), University of Antioquia, Cl 62# 52-59, Medellin, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.253-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-023-01263-7","article-title":"Carriage of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli among children in rural Ghana: a cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Akenten","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.253-2","volume-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","author":"APHA, A.P.H.A., American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation","year":"2017","edition":"23"},{"issue":"1","key":"key-10.2166\/wh.2026.253-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72993-w","article-title":"Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and non-ESBL producing Escherichia coli 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