{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:50:48Z","timestamp":1777405848038,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Scholars and practitioners advocate evidence-based decision-making (EBDM) because facts lead to beneficial outcomes. At the same time, EBDM to reduce risks in water quality is under-studied. We examine types of decision-making by water utilities and government agencies, and the nature and origin of evidence available to them in their work on delivering safe drinking water to households. Using qualitative content analysis, we comparatively analyze water utilities and government agencies in Malawi, Ecuador, and Brazil. The results show that the water utilities perform combinations of decision-making types on water quality such as implementation, intelligence-gathering, and evaluation and choice, while government agencies perform more intelligence gathering. Sources and types of information are mainly water consumers, guidelines for water quality standards, and self-monitoring from water utilities. The analysis is useful in establishing a foundation for developing evidence-based management within water supply services, and potentially other water resources management activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wp.2017.184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,24]],"date-time":"2017-11-24T01:10:51Z","timestamp":1511485851000},"page":"530-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evidence-based decision-making on water quality in domestic water supply in Malawi, Ecuador, and Brazil"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Urooj Quezon","family":"Amjad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Water Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Global Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Economics, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Dalcanale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Water Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Kayser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Water Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, The University of California, San Diego, California, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Bentley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, The Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Bartram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, The Water Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8500.2012.00786.x","article-title":"Evidence based policy: principles of transparency and accountability","volume":"71","year":"2012","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Public Administration"},{"key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C2","unstructured":"Bartram\n            J.\n          , (1996). Optimising the Monitoring and Assessment of Rural Water Supplies. PhD Thesis, University of Surrey, UK."},{"issue":"2","key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C3","article-title":"Evidence-based decision making to improve public health practice","volume":"2","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research"},{"key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C4","first-page":"2","volume-title":"Working Knowledge. How Organizations Manage What They Know","year":"2000"},{"key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C5","volume-title":"The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research","year":"2011"},{"key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C6","first-page":"158","article-title":"Science-based decision-making on complex issues: marcellus shale gas hydrofracking and New York city water supply","volume":"461","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polsoc.2010.03.001","article-title":"Reconsidering evidence-based policy: key issues and challenges","volume":"29","year":"2010","journal-title":"Policy and Society"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2011.09.015","article-title":"Institutional design propositions for the governance of adaptation to climate change in the water sector","volume":"22","year":"2012","journal-title":"Global Environmental Change"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-014-0124-x","article-title":"Capacity building for evidence-based decision making in local health departments: scaling up an effective training approach","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Implement. 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Information Flow and Acquisition of Knowledge in Water Governance in the Upper East Region of Ghana, IFPRI Discussion Paper 00820."},{"key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.10.084","article-title":"Environmental health impacts of unconventional natural gas development: a review of the current strength of evidence","volume":"505","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science of the Total Environment"},{"issue":"11","key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.1007\/s11269-012-0065-6","article-title":"Water, people, and sustainability: a systems framework for analyzing and assessing water governance regimes","volume":"26","year":"2012","journal-title":"Water Resources Management"},{"key":"2020032702180825500_WPOL-D-16-00184C23","unstructured":"World Bank (2013). Malawi \u2013 Second National Water Development Project: Implementation Support Mission \u2013 July 31 to August 15, 2013. World Bank Group, Washington, DC. Available at: http:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/2013\/08\/19197961\/malawi-second-national-water-development-project-implementation-support-mission-july-31-august-15-2013 (accessed 10 October 2017)."}],"container-title":["Water Policy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wp\/article-pdf\/20\/3\/530\/476066\/020030530.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wp\/article-pdf\/20\/3\/530\/476066\/020030530.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T08:20:42Z","timestamp":1585297242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wp\/article\/20\/3\/530\/38692\/Evidencebased-decisionmaking-on-water-quality-in"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wp.2017.184","relation":{},"ISSN":["1366-7017","1996-9759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1366-7017","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,23]]}}}