{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:40:41Z","timestamp":1791297641496,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many novel treatment technologies, usually representing a pre-treatment prior to the biological degradation process, have been developed in order to improve the recycling and reuse of sewage sludge. Among all the methods available, a chemical (alkaline) and a thermal treatment have been considered in this study. The behaviour of 13 substances belonging to different therapeutic classes (musks, tranquillisers, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, X-ray contrast media and estrogens) has been studied during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge combined with these pre-treatments (advanced operation) in comparison with the conventional process. Two parameters have been analysed: the temperature (mesophilic and thermophilic conditions) and the sludge retention time. While organic matter solubilization was higher with the alkaline process (55\u201380%), no difference between both pre-treatments was observed concerning volatile solids solubilization (up to 20%). The removal efficiencies of solids and organic matter during anaerobic digestion ranged from 40\u201370% and 45\u201375%, respectively. The higher removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals and personal care products were achieved for the antibiotics, Naproxen and the natural estrogens (&amp;gt;80%). For the other compounds, the values were in the range 20\u201370%, except for Carbamazepine, which was not removed at any condition tested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2006.241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,24]],"date-time":"2007-07-24T14:38:32Z","timestamp":1185287912000},"page":"109-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Comparison between the conventional anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge and its combination with a chemical or thermal pre-treatment concerning the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Carballa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, R\u00faa Lope G\u00f3mez de Marzoa, s\/n. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Omil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, R\u00faa Lope G\u00f3mez de Marzoa, s\/n. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.C.","family":"Alder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Lema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, R\u00faa Lope G\u00f3mez de Marzoa, s\/n. 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","container-title":["Water Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/53\/8\/109\/432749\/109.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/53\/8\/109\/432749\/109.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T19:46:48Z","timestamp":1585338408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article\/53\/8\/109\/11986\/Comparison-between-the-conventional-anaerobic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wst.2006.241","relation":{},"ISSN":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-1223","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]]}}}