{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T17:26:06Z","timestamp":1762017966908},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF-CWs), the main operational problem is clogging of the porous medium. In this study, the unclogging of HSSF-CWs was evaluated, at rest, by adding a nitrogen-based nutrient solution to the influent. For this, six HSSF-CWs were used, consisting of two uncultivated (CW-C), two cultivated with Tifton 85-grass (Cynodon spp.) (CW-T) and two cultivated with alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) (CW-A), which were fully clogged after being used for the treatment of swine wastewater. The results indicated that passage of the nutrient solution for 55 days through the bed of the HSSF-CWs resulted in reductions of 11 and 33%, respectively, in the total volatile solids (TVS) concentration of fine clogging material in the CW-T and CW-A. With regard to the TVS content of the coarse clogging material, the reduction was even greater, being 33% for CW-T and 62% for CW-A. Measurements of K0 made along the beds (thirds 1, 2 and 3) before and after passage of the nutrient solution in the CWs indicated respective increases of 7, 13 and 0.1% in CW-C; 21, 11 and 7% in CW-T; and 52%, 6% and \u22126% (decrease) in CW-A. Runoff of the nutrient solution decreased gradually over time, presenting at the beginning of the experiment 26, 35 and 150 cm, and at the end (after 55 days of application) 0, 0 and 50 cm in the flow direction of the CW-C and CW-T and CW-A, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2016.369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,4]],"date-time":"2016-08-04T00:58:27Z","timestamp":1470272307000},"page":"1594-1601","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Evaluation of unclogging aspects in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Suymara Toledo","family":"Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Teixeira","family":"de Matos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gheila Corr\u00eaa Ferres","family":"Baptestini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alisson Carraro","family":"Borges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa, Minas Gerais, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C1","first-page":"1046","volume-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","author":"APHA (American Public Health Association)\/AWWA (American Water Works Association)\/WEF (Water Environment Federation)","year":"2012","edition":"22nd edn"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.13083\/1414-3984\/reveng.v23n6p562-574","article-title":"Characterization of the interstitial solids in constructed wetlands of subsurface horizontal flow","volume":"23","author":"Baptestini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Revista Engenharia na Agricultura"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.4025\/actascitechnol.v38i1.27864","article-title":"Effect of reversal of the flow direction on hydrodynamic characteristics and plants cultivated in constructed wetland systems","volume":"38","author":"Baptestini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Scientiarum. Technology"},{"key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C4","unstructured":"Batalha\n              B. R.\n            \n          \n          2011\n          Canopy Temperature of Sugarcane Under Different Meteorological Conditions and Soil Water Potential. Master Dissertation. UFV, Vi\u00e7osa, Brazil, p. 142. (In Portuguese.)"},{"key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C5","article-title":"Non-invasive methods for treating and removing sludge from subsurface flow constructed wetlands I","author":"Behrends","year":"2006"},{"key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C6","first-page":"1271","article-title":"Non-invasive methods for treating and removing sludge from subsurface flow constructed wetlands II","author":"Behrends","year":"2006"},{"key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2008.07.008","article-title":"Effect of plant and artificial aeration on solids accumulation and biological activities in constructed wetlands","volume":"35","author":"Chazarenc","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ecological Engineering"},{"key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C8","first-page":"1064","article-title":"Reversing clogging in vertical-flow constructed wetlands by backwashing treatment","volume":"129\u2013131","author":"Fei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Advanced Materials Research"},{"key":"2020032811125558000_WST-EM16394R2C9","unstructured":"Ferres\n              G. C.\n            \n          \n          2012\n          Variability of Hydraulic Conductivity and of Nitrogen Forms in Wetlands Constructed of Horizontal Subsurface Flow. Master Dissertation. DEA\u2013UFV, Vi\u00e7osa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, p. 62. 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