{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T20:52:28Z","timestamp":1780519948644,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A SULPHUSTM biotrickling filter (BTF) and an ACTUSTM polishing activated carbon filter (ACF) were used at a wastewater treatment plant to treat 2,432 m3\u00b7h\u22121 of air extracted from sewage sludge processes. The project is part of Thames Water's strategy to reduce customer odour impact and, in this case, is designed to achieve a maximum discharge concentration of 1,000 ouE\u00b7m\u22123. The odour and hydrogen sulphide concentration in the input air was more influenced by the operation of the sludge holding tank mixers than by ambient temperature. Phosphorus was found to be limiting the performance of the BTF during peak conditions, hence requiring additional nutrient supply. Olfactometry and pollutant measurements demonstrated that during the high rate of change of intermittent odour concentrations the ACF was required to reach compliant stack values. The two stage unit outperformed design criteria, with 139 ouE\u00b7m\u22123 measured after 11 months of operation. At peak conditions and even at very low temperatures, the nutrient addition considerably increased the performance of the BTF, extending the time before activated carbon replacement over the one year design time. During baseline operation, the BTF achieved values between 266\u20131,647 ouE\u00b7m\u22123 even during a 6 day irrigation failure of the biofilm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2018.203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]],"date-time":"2018-05-03T10:40:54Z","timestamp":1525344054000},"page":"2482-2490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Treatment of discontinuous emission of sewage sludge odours by a full scale biotrickling filter with an activated carbon polishing unit"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Sempere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pure Air Solutions, P.O. Box 135, Heerenveen 8440 AC, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Winter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thames Water, Innovation Centre, Reading STW, Island Rd, Reading RG6 0RP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Waalkens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pure Air Solutions, P.O. Box 135, Heerenveen 8440 AC, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"H\u00fchnert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thames Water, Innovation Centre, Reading STW, Island Rd, Reading RG6 0RP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Cranshaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MWH UK Ltd (Part of Stantec), Buckingham Court, Kingsmead Business Park, London Road, High Wycombe HP11 1JU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Beigi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. B.","family":"Thorpe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2014.06.072","article-title":"Biogas deep clean-up based on adsorption technologies for solid oxide fuel cell applications","volume":"255","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6223(98)00217-6","article-title":"Effect of pore structure and surface chemistry of virgin activated carbons on removal of hydrogen sulfide","volume":"37","year":"1999","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"issue":"7","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2009.01.022","article-title":"Predicting odour emissions from wastewater treatment plants by means of odour emission factors","volume":"43","year":"2009","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.2175\/106143001X139470","article-title":"Treatment of mixed hydrogen sulphide and organic vapors in a rock medium biofilter","volume":"73","year":"2001","journal-title":"Water Environ. Res."},{"issue":"13","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1080\/10934520802293776","article-title":"Odor-causing volatile organic compounds in wastewater treatment plant units and sludge management areas","volume":"43","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health A"},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(03)00336-1","article-title":"Time and space pattern of volatile organic compounds in a sewage treatment plant","volume":"37","year":"2003","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2012.02.010","article-title":"A sensitivity analysis of process design parameters, commodity prices and robustness on the economics of odour abatement technologies","volume":"30","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C8","first-page":"261","article-title":"Odour emission and odour control at wastewater treatment plants in West Germany","volume-title":"Wat. Sci. Tech.","year":"1988"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2004.0244","article-title":"Odour emission inventory of German wastewater treatment plants \u2013 odour flow rates and odour emission capacity","volume":"50","year":"2004","journal-title":"Wat. Sci. Tech."},{"issue":"10","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(2004)130:10(1110)","article-title":"Conversion of full-scale wet scrubbers to biotrickling filters for H2S control at publicly owned treatment works","volume":"130","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Environ. Eng."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2014.05.024","article-title":"Review of biotreatment techniques for volatile sulfur compounds with an emphasis on dimethyl sulphide","volume":"49","year":"2014","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/b138434","article-title":"Selection of bioreactor media for odor control","volume-title":"Biotechnology for Odor and Air Pollution Control","author":"Shareefdeen","year":"2005"},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C13","volume-title":"Biological Wastewater Treatment","year":"1999","edition":"2nd edn"},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1080\/01496395.2012.674604","article-title":"Dynamic adsorption model of H2S in a fixed bed of copper impregnated activated carbon","volume":"48","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sep. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1080\/10934529.2012.667302","article-title":"Hydrogen sulfide and odor removal by field-scale biotrickling filters: influence of seasonal variations of load and temperature","volume":"47","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health A"},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2013.12.033","article-title":"Modelling mass transfer properties in a biotrickling filter for the removal of isopropanol","volume":"108","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C17","article-title":"Start-up of full scale biotrickling filters treating high hydrogen sulphide air emissions","year":"2015"},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.2327","article-title":"Comparison between laboratory and pilot biotrickling filtration of air emissions from painting and wood finishing","volume":"85","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2016.08.016","article-title":"Review of odour abatement in sewer networks","volume":"4","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C20","first-page":"277","article-title":"Performance of field based activated carbon systems for odour control","volume":"54","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Engineer. Trans."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389891254179","article-title":"Treatment of waste gases contaminated with odorous sulfur compounds","volume":"28","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cri. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C22","author":"Thames Water","year":"2014"},{"issue":"5","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/0043-1354(85)90065-X","article-title":"GC-MS identification of odorous volatiles in wastewater","volume":"19","year":"1985","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C24","article-title":"Odour management in a large UK water company","year":"2015"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020032810401497800_WST-EM171593C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1089\/ees.2006.0068","article-title":"Autotrophic removal of sulphide from industrial wastewaters using oxygen and nitrate as electron acceptors","volume":"24","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Eng. Sci."}],"container-title":["Water Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/77\/10\/2482\/234973\/wst077102482.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/77\/10\/2482\/234973\/wst077102482.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,28]],"date-time":"2020-03-28T14:40:44Z","timestamp":1585406444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article\/77\/10\/2482\/39166\/Treatment-of-discontinuous-emission-of-sewage"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wst.2018.203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-1223","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]]}}}