{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T13:31:18Z","timestamp":1781789478594,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study explored the feasibility of using graphite electrodes for the electrochemical oxidation of cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline with hydrogen peroxide. The dosing effects of hydrogen peroxide and current density were examined in the pre-treated coke oven wastewater. It was found that 0.025 M hydrogen peroxide and 13.63 mA\/cm2 of current density were more favorable for the removal of 100%, 90%, 71% and 40% cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline respectively. The increased removal of phenol in the coke oven wastewater was attributed to the pre-treatment of wastewater. Initially, 28% phenol was converted to phenolate ion by air stripping process, which increased the removal rate of phenol by the electro-oxidation process as the removal of phenolate is quite easy compared to phenol. The advanced oxidation process degrades the more toxic cyanide into less toxic intermediate cyanate ions (CNO\u2500), which further cut down into nontoxic end products such as N2, HCO3 and CO2. The experimental results show that the primary mechanisms in the oxidation of cyanide and phenol are mediated electro-oxidation by hydroxyl radicals and hypochlorite ions. The operating cost under the optimized conditions for the removal of 100% cyanide and 71% phenol was estimated to be 616.95 INR\/m3.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2018.503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]],"date-time":"2018-12-10T13:37:38Z","timestamp":1544449058000},"page":"2214-2227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Degradation of cyanide, aniline and phenol in pre-treated coke oven wastewater by peroxide assisted electro-oxidation process"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Hariraj","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brijesh Kumar","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2020032816081164700_WST-EM181042C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-5861(98)00063-7","article-title":"Catalytic oxidation of phenol in aqueous solutions","volume":"40","year":"1998","journal-title":"Catalysis Today"},{"key":"2020032816081164700_WST-EM181042C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2006.02.033","article-title":"Kinetics of aniline degradation by Fenton and electro-Fenton processes","volume":"40","year":"2006","journal-title":"Water Research"},{"key":"2020032816081164700_WST-EM181042C3","volume-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater","author":"APHA\/AWWA\/WEF","year":"2017","edition":"23rd edn"},{"issue":"583","key":"2020032816081164700_WST-EM181042C4","first-page":"256","article-title":"Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes: an overview of the current applications to actual industrial effluents","volume":"58","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society"},{"issue":"3","key":"2020032816081164700_WST-EM181042C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1149\/1.2424409","article-title":"Effect of the operating conditions on the oxidation mechanisms in conductive-diamond electrolyses","volume":"154","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the Electrochemical Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020032816081164700_WST-EM181042C6","first-page":"259","article-title":"Performance of anaerobic batch reactor for the removal of cyanide from coke oven effluent","volume":"3","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Experimental Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"2020032816081164700_WST-EM181042C7","first-page":"753","article-title":"Electrochemical oxidation process for the treatment of coke- plant wastewater","volume":"30","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health. 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