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In this paper, the molecular composition of DOM in wastewater samples from a representative refinery were characterized. The transformation of various compounds along the wastewater treatment processes was investigated. A total of 61 heteroatomic class species were detected from the DOM extracts, in which CHO (molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms) and CHOS (CHO molecules that also contained sulfur) class species were the most abundant and account for 78.43% in relative mass peak abundance. The solid phase extraction DOM from the dichloromethane unextractable fraction exhibited a more complex molecular composition and contained more oxygen atoms than in the dichloromethane extract. During wastewater treatment processes, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia-nitrogen were reduced by more than 90%. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) accounted for about 30% of the total COD, in which benzene and toluene were dominant. After biochemical treatment, the VOCs were effectively removed but the molecular diversity of the DOM was increased and new compounds were generated. Sulfur-containing class species were more recalcitrant to biodegradation, so the origin and transformation of these compounds should be the subject of further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2020.334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T03:26:17Z","timestamp":1595474777000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter in refinery wastewater"],"prefix":"10.2166","author":[{"given":"Yuguo","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, 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