{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T02:44:13Z","timestamp":1778640253708,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","funder":[{"name":"NSERC of Canada"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["201806240094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201806240094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Modelling air movement in sewer networks is needed in order to address the issues related to sewer odour complaints and sewer corrosions due to hydrogen sulphide in sewers. Most of the existing air flow models can only be applied in small sewer networks or the trunk lines of sewer systems. The purpose of this paper is therefore to propose a theoretical approach to formulate a general governing equation set for modelling steady air movement in large sewer systems. This approach decomposes the sewer system of interest into its basic physical components as pipes and nodes, and builds local topology of each pipe and each node based on geographic information system data as the fundamentals of model formulation. It avoids manually identifying each branch of the sewer system, eliminates the effect of physically closed networks in sewer systems on the governing equations, and considers key sewer components and all known driving forces. The proposed approach was applied to a real sewer system with over 500 pipes. The results show that the proposed model is applicable in modelling air movement in a large sewer system and provides a general idea of sewer gases moving through the system and their emission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2020.353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T00:53:53Z","timestamp":1596156833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Steady air flow model for large sewer networks: a theoretical framework"],"prefix":"10.2166","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiyun","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David Z.","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada"},{"name":"College of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Zhejiang 315211, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weilin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9364(1998)124:5(402)"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-99867-1_123","article-title":"Wastewater system ventilation \u2013 a friend or adversary?","volume-title":"New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling. UDM 2018","author":"Adkins","year":"2019"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2175\/193864712811741494"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/s03-072"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:8(778)"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:8(791)"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001336"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-8","article-title":"Ventilation and odor control for sewers & tunnels","author":"Hentz","year":"2013"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b14666","volume-title":"Sewer Processes: Microbial and Chemical Process Engineering of Sewer Networks","author":"Hvitved-Jacobsen","year":"2013","edition":"2"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14796\/JWMM.C415"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001181"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-12","article-title":"Assessment of factors controlling sewer ventilation rates","author":"Monteith","year":"1997"},{"issue":"4","key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-13","first-page":"385","article-title":"Major factors in sewer ventilation","volume":"54","author":"Pescod","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation"},{"issue":"3","key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-14","first-page":"04018008","article-title":"Air flow modeling in a prototype sanitary sewer system","volume":"144","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0887-3801(2007)21:5(331)"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2011.771"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2020.353-17","unstructured":"WERF (Water Environment Research Foundation) 2009 Collection System Ventilation Research Report. Water Environmental Research Foundation (now Water Environment & Reuse Foundation), Alexandria, VA, USA. Report No. 04-CTS-1A."}],"container-title":["Water Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.2166\/wst.2020.353\/725632\/wst2020353.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.2166\/wst.2020.353\/725632\/wst2020353.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T19:47:19Z","timestamp":1600976839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article\/doi\/10.2166\/wst.2020.353\/75719\/Steady-air-flow-model-for-large-sewer-networks-a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wst.2020.353","relation":{},"ISSN":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-1223","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]]},"article-number":"wst2020353"}}