{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:24:36Z","timestamp":1778696676557,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004781","name":"Institut Pengurusan dan Pemantauan Penyelidikan, Universiti Malaya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FP002-2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP002-2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004781","name":"Institut Pengurusan dan Pemantauan Penyelidikan, Universiti Malaya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP034D-15AET"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP034D-15AET"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Flood is among the natural disasters that commonly happened in Malaysia every year. During the flood, victims faced clean water shortages and deterioration of the environment resulting in long waiting times for aid to access. Hence, affordable and efficient filters are needed to supply clean water in the affected areas. Application of xylem tissue inside plant stem has the potential as a filter for water filtration. This research focuses on xylem tissue in Malaysian tropical plants from cassava stem. Cassava stems were prepared in a small-scale set-up as the xylem was used as a filter. Effects of cross-sectional area and hydrostatic pressure were analyzed and the results showed a directly proportional relationship with permeate flow rate. Upon filtration with red dye solution, total dye removal was achieved using a xylem with a minimal length of 3 cm and onwards. While for bacteria removal, E. coli bacteria have been removed when tested with a bacteria count plate. Thus, this study demonstrated the potential of the xylem tissue of the cassava plant as affordable and available natural raw materials to be used as water filters during an emergency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2022.253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T13:00:32Z","timestamp":1661173232000},"page":"1055-1065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Exploration of cassava plant xylem for water treatment: preparation, characterization and filtration capability"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Aliah","family":"Hashim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9480-2498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. Awanis","family":"Hashim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"},{"name":"b Center for Separation Science and Technology (CSST), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0347-2495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Usman","family":"Mohd Junaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0411-4852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diyana","family":"Kamarudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8473-1529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Azlan","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012037","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/691\/1\/012037","article-title":"Water filtration using plant xylem in Northern India","volume":"691","year":"2019","journal-title":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Rainfall analysis of the Kelantan big yellow flood 2014","volume":"78","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering)"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C3","volume-title":"Soils of Malaysia","year":"2017"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C4","first-page":"1","article-title":"The record-setting flood of 2014 in kelantan: challenges and recommendations from an emergency medicine perspective and why the medical campus stood dry","volume":"22","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences: MJMS"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89934","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089934","article-title":"Water filtration using plant xylem","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3362\/1756-3488.2017.002","article-title":"Chlorination of drinking water in emergencies: a review of knowledge to develop recommendations for implementation and research needed","volume":"36","year":"2017","journal-title":"Waterlines"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C7","first-page":"1119","article-title":"Mind the bubbles: achieving stable measurements of maximum hydraulic conductivity through woody plant samples","volume":"62","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/boj.12385","article-title":"An update of the angiosperm phylogeny group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV","volume":"181","year":"2016","journal-title":"Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C9","unstructured":"Guha-Sapir\n            D.\n          , HoyoisP. & BelowR.2014Annual Disaster Statistical Review: Numbers and Trends 2013."},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.02.025","article-title":"Aminated polyethersulfone-silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-APES) composite membranes with controlled silver ion release for antibacterial and water treatment applications","volume":"62","year":"2016","journal-title":"Materials Science and Engineering: C"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C11","year":"2009"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C12","first-page":"19","article-title":"Flash flood and community's response at Sg. Lembing, Pahang","volume":"6","year":"2012","journal-title":"Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C13","year":"2001"},{"key":"2022101209372715200_WST-D-22-00443C14","first-page":"01002","article-title":"Impact of flooding on traffic route choices. 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Unterreihe Fahrzeugtechnik"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.2166\/wcc.2022.103","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666310400000}},{"DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2022.327","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000}}],"container-title":["Water Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/86\/5\/1055\/1119199\/wst086051055.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/86\/5\/1055\/1119199\/wst086051055.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T09:37:59Z","timestamp":1665567479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article\/86\/5\/1055\/90290\/Exploration-of-cassava-plant-xylem-for-water"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wst.2022.253","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2166\/wst.2022.327","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.2166\/wcc.2022.103","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-1223","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]}}}