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However, the common method of using polyferric sulfate (PFS) and polyacrylamide (PAM) requires a large amount of dosage and produces high iron ion content in the filtrate. This study examined a solution of applying polyamine (PA) coupled with inorganic coagulant PFS. The results demonstrated that using PFS + PA together could achieve the same or similar filtering rates as using PFS + PAM. The capillary suction time (CST) of PFS + PA (89.0 s) was equivalent to that of PFS (75.1 s) and better than that of PA (117.1 s) and raw sludge (RS, 403.8 s). Compared with PFS + PAM, the combination of PFS and PA efficiently removed Fe ions and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in sludge water content, with Fe ions in the sludge filtrate reduced by 97.8% and COD reduced by 78.9%, respectively. By analyzing the basic physicochemical properties of the sludge system, including the synergistic effect of coagulation and flocculation, sludge hydrolysis and flocculation, it indicated that PA + PFS could reduce bound water. These results demonstrated that combining PFS and PA to improve sludge dewatering performance is more beneficial than utilizing a coagulant or flocculant alone, even PFS + PAM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2023.044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T14:08:14Z","timestamp":1676297294000},"page":"1600-1615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Combined conditioning of inorganic coagulant and polyamine to improve the dewaterability of municipal sludge, minimize dosage and reduce the influence of filtrate"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Baolv","family":"Hua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"},{"name":"b Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological 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