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We developed an internal phase-separated reactor (IPSR) that removed sulfide prior to methanogenesis by gas stripping using biogas produced in the reactor. The IPSR was fed with synthetic wastewater containing a very high sulfide concentration of up to 6,000 mg S L\u22121 with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 30,000 mg L\u22121. The IPSR was operated at an organic loading rate of 5\u201312 kg COD m\u22123 day\u22121 at 35 \u00b0C. The results show that the sulfide concentration was reduced from 6,000 mg S L\u22121 in the influent to &amp;lt;700 mg S L\u22121 in the first-stage effluent. The second-stage effluent contained &amp;lt;400 mg S L\u22121. As a result of effective sulfide removal by its gas stripping function, the IPSR had a COD removal efficiency of &amp;gt;90% over the entire experimental period. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the major anaerobic archaea were Methanobacterium and Methanosaeta, which are frequently found in high-rate anaerobic reactors. Thus, the IPSR maintains these microorganisms and achieves high-process performance even when fed wastewater with very high sulfide concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2024.383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T13:52:29Z","timestamp":1732283549000},"page":"3029-3040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of an anaerobic reactor for the treatment of sulfide-rich wastewater using biogas for H2S removal"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0800-9600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Onodera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a Regional Environment Conservation Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Takemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Regional Environment Conservation Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"},{"name":"c Present address Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Wakayama College, 77 Noshima, Nada, Gobo, Wakayama 644-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Regional Environment Conservation Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Syutsubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"a Regional Environment Conservation Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan"},{"name":"b Research Center of Water Environment Technology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2024.383-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.08.076"},{"volume-title":"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and 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