{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T08:19:36Z","timestamp":1773994776966,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Interreg Greater Region","award":["IP-2-03-207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IP-2-03-207"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study shows research pathways from the Interreg-EmiS\u00fbre project, where several admixtures were studied as substrates for constructed wetlands (CWs), to the Interreg-CoMinGreat project, which proposed a pre-oxidation step to improve the removal of micropollutants, extend CW lifetime, and reduce the surface area. In EmiS\u00fbre, CWs (15% of activated carbon and 85% of sand) were installed in Echternach wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) (Luxembourg) achieving 80% removal of most the target compounds. Then, the configuration of these CWs was combined with photo-Fenton in Bliesen WWTP (Germany) at a natural pH; dosing 1.5 mg L\u22121 of iron (Fe3+) (citric acid as the chelating agent); and 20 mg L\u22121 of H2O2. Also, UV\/H2O2 treatment was tested to avoid iron dosage. Diclofenac present in the treated effluent of Bliesen is a key pollutant that poses medium ecotoxicological risks for aquatic life. Its removal in CWs reaches 88%, however, it is known to be very restrictive during the adsorption process. With the pre-oxidation, 52% of diclofenac is removed, resulting in a lower load to be treated by the CWs; therefore, reducing considerably the required surface area. Implementing UV\/H2O2 treatment as the first step could reduce the CW surface area per PE to 0.19 m2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2025.113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T12:14:07Z","timestamp":1753791247000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Upgrading constructed wetlands using upstream (advanced) oxidation technology to improve the removal of micropollutants and reduce the ecotoxicological risks"],"prefix":"10.2166","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5568-1200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Salmer\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, Chair for Urban Water Management 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, L-1359, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1775-8371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Venditti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, Chair for Urban Water Management 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, L-1359, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4476-4849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joachim","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, Chair for Urban Water Management 6, rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, L-1359, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081205554485600_WST-D-25-00164C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/wej.12907","article-title":"Assessment of novel hybrid treatment wetlands as nature-based solutions for pharmaceutical industry wastewater treatment","volume":"38","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water and Environment Journal"},{"key":"2025081205554485600_WST-D-25-00164C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.06.118","article-title":"Performance of granular activated carbon to remove micropollutants from municipal wastewater \u2013 a meta-analysis of pilot- and large-scale 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