{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T21:41:30Z","timestamp":1788817290064,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"IWA Publishing","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007592","name":"Al-Balqa' Applied University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DSR-2020#320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DSR-2020#320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iwaponline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n                  <jats:p>Olive mill wastewater (OMW) poses a serious environmental challenge, specifically in the Mediterranean region, due to its high content of phenolic compounds (PCs). In this study, eco-friendly nanocomposites made of chitosan, kaolinite, and iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared, characterized, and tested for their removal efficiency (RE) of PCs from OMW. The removal efficiencies of seven targeted PCs and the overall removal for the total phenolic content were evaluated. The nanocomposite powder cross-linked with glutaraldehyde exhibited the highest RE of 91% for the sum of the seven target PCs (\u03a37PCs) using a 10 g\/L of adsorbent dose, pH = 4.8, at a temperature of 25 \u00b0C within 2 h. Desorption studies showed that up to 85% of the adsorbed PCs were desorbed, allowing the efficient regeneration of the adsorbent for at least four cycles with RE exceeding 50%. These promising results suggest the potential of the large-scale utilization of the developed process for large-scale remediation of OMW.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2025.161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T01:27:21Z","timestamp":1762651641000},"page":"1360-1378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/iwapcrossmarkpolicypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Removal of phenolic compounds from olive mill wastewater using chitosan\/kaolinite\/iron oxide nanocomposites"],"prefix":"10.2166","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6160-0569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reham M.","family":"Abu Shmeis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim N.","family":"Tarawneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amneh T.","family":"Issa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Chemistry, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"945","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2019.213096"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5004\/dwt.2021.27724"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2166\/wqrj.2024.024"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2009.03.153"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2013.09.066"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2018.03.009"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12633-023-02585-2"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-8","first-page":"52","article-title":"Preparation, characterization and performance evaluation of chitosan as an adsorbent for remazol red","volume":"2","author":"Chandra Dey","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Latest Research in Engineering and Technology (IJLRET)"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e03164"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-017-2893-3"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2011.11.020"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envc.2021.100184"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-29741-w"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.07.073"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/w13243522"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2025.127262"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56431\/p-q37sww"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-80384-4"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.49578"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2017.10.065"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-025-06697-7"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-22","first-page":"7565","article-title":"Adsorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution on chitosan\/kaolin\/\u03b3-Fe2O3 nanocomposite","author":"Jiang","year":"2011"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02386"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-24","article-title":"Isolation of genomic DNA by silane-modified iron oxide noparticles","author":"Mishra","year":"2015"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enmm.2014.09.001"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-07277-2"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5004\/dwt.2021.27101"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-021-09585-x"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes9020027"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-30","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determination of total phenolics","volume-title":"Current Protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry","author":"Waterhouse","year":"2002"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jece.2017.06.037"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19443994.2014.923337"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.146059"},{"key":"key-10.2166\/wst.2025.161-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2010.02.003"}],"container-title":["Water Science &amp; Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/92\/9\/1360\/1599136\/wst2025161.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article-pdf\/92\/9\/1360\/1599136\/wst2025161.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T13:48:09Z","timestamp":1763128089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iwaponline.com\/wst\/article\/92\/9\/1360\/110089\/Removal-of-phenolic-compounds-from-olive-mill"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2166\/wst.2025.161","relation":{},"ISSN":["0273-1223","1996-9732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0273-1223","type":"print"},{"value":"1996-9732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]}}}