{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:34:44Z","timestamp":1792812884688,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Japanese Society of Internal Medicine","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.3726-24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T22:10:33Z","timestamp":1723068633000},"page":"925-929","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Efgartigimod Successfully Ameliorated Acute Exacerbation of Myasthenia Gravis with Anti-muscle-specific Kinase Antibodies"],"prefix":"10.2169","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Koya","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukako","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Tsumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Hoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chika","family":"Shichijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Ide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Suzuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruki","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"962","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Evoli A, Tonali PA, Padua L, et al. Clinical correlates with anti-MuSK antibodies in generalized seronegative myasthenia gravis. Brain 126 (Pt 10): 2304-2311, 2003.","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg223"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"2. Sanders DB, El-Salem K, Massey JM, McConville J, Vincent A. Clinical aspects of MuSK antibody positive seronegative MG. Neurology 60: 1978-1980, 2003.","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000065882.63904.53"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Farrugia ME, Robson MD, Clover L, et al. MRI and clinical studies of facial and bulbar muscle involvement in MuSK antibody-associated myasthenia gravis. Brain 129 (Pt 6): 1481-1492, 2006.","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl095"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Toyka KV, Drachman DB, Griffin DE, et al. Myasthenia gravis. Study of humoral immune mechanisms by passive transfer to mice. N Engl J Med 296: 125-131, 1977.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197701202960301"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. McConville J, Farrugia ME, Beeson D, et al. Detection and characterization of MuSK antibodies in seronegative myasthenia gravis. Ann Neurol 55: 580-584, 2004.","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20061"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Meriggioli MN, Sanders DB. Autoimmune myasthenia gravis: emerging clinical and biological heterogeneity. Lancet Neurol 8: 475-490, 2009.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70063-8"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Sahashi K, Engel AG, Lambert EH, Howard FM Jr. Ultrastructural localization of the terminal and lytic ninth complement component (C9) at the motor end-plate in myasthenia gravis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 39: 160-172, 1980.","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198003000-00005"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Cole RN, Reddel SW, Gerv\u00e1sio OL, Phillips WD. Anti-MuSK patient antibodies disrupt the mouse neuromuscular junction. Ann Neurol 63: 782-789, 2008.","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21371"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Ulrichts P, Guglietta A, Dreier T, et al. Neonatal Fc receptor antagonist efgartigimod safely and sustainably reduces IgGs in humans. J Clin Invest 128: 4372-4386, 2018.","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI97911"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Howard JF Jr, Bril V, Vu T, et al. Safety, efficacy, and tolerability of efgartigimod in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis (ADAPT): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol 20: 526-536, 2021.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.96.15_supplement.4520"},{"key":"11","unstructured":"11. Bril V, Dru\u017cd\u017c A, Grosskreutz J, et al. Safety and efficacy of rozanolixizumab in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis (MycarinG): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive phase 3 study. Lancet Neurol 22: 383-394, 2023."},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Barohn RJ, McIntire D, Herbelin L, Wolfe GI, Nations S, Bryan WW. Reliability testing of the quantitative myasthenia gravis score. Ann N Y Acad Sci 841: 769-772, 1998.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1998.tb11015.x"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"13. Wolfe GI, Herbelin L, Nations SP, Foster B, Bryan WW, Barohn RJ. Myasthenia gravis activities of daily living profile. Neurology 52: 1487-1489, 1999.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.7.1487"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Ghimire A, Kunwar B, Aryal B, et al. Assessing the comparative efficacy of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin in myasthenia gravis treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Neurosci 121: 1-10, 2024.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2024.01.025"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Gilhus NE. Myasthenia gravis. N Engl J Med 375: 2570-2581, 2016.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1602678"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Guptill JT, Sanders DB, Evoli A. Anti-MuSK antibody myasthenia gravis: clinical findings and response to treatment in two large cohorts. Muscle Nerve 44: 36-40, 2011.","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22006"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Menon D, Bril V. Pharmacotherapy of generalized myasthenia gravis with special emphasis on newer biologicals. Drugs 82: 865-887, 2022.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-022-01726-y"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Ohta K, Shigemoto K, Fujinami A, Maruyama N, Konishi T, Ohta M. Clinical and experimental features of MuSK antibody positive MG in Japan. Eur J Neurol 14: 1029-1034, 2007.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2007.01870.x"}],"container-title":["Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/internalmedicine\/64\/6\/64_3726-24\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]],"date-time":"2025-03-15T03:30:51Z","timestamp":1742009451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/internalmedicine\/64\/6\/64_3726-24\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.3726-24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0918-2918","1349-7235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0918-2918","type":"print"},{"value":"1349-7235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,15]]},"article-number":"3726-24"}}