{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:54:56Z","timestamp":1790999696600,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Japanese Society of Internal Medicine","issue":"19","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Intern. Med."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.6693-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T22:09:33Z","timestamp":1771884573000},"page":"2631-2636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tuberculous Pleurisy Highlighting the Need to Consider Primary Tuberculosis in Interferon-gamma Release Assay-negative Patients"],"prefix":"10.2169","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Saki","family":"Takeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuya","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiki","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koshiro","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nami","family":"Kuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sae","family":"Kawafune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Yamaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nao","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hikaru","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Kameda Medical Center, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"962","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Furin J, Cox H, Pai M. Tuberculosis. Lancet 393: 1642-1656, 2019.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30308-3"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Shaw JA, Diacon AH, Koegelenberg CFN. Pleural tuberculosis. Clin Chest Med 42: 649-666, 2021.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2021.08.002"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Ibrahim WH, Ghadban W, Khinji A, et al. Does pleural tuberculosis disease pattern differ among developed and developing countries. Respir Med 99: 1038-1045, 2005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.12.012"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"4. Shaw JA, Diacon AH, Koegelenberg CFN. Tuberculous pleural effusion. Respirology 24: 962-971, 2019.","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13673"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Lo Cascio CM, Kaul V, Dhooria S, Agrawal A, Chaddha U. Diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusions: a review. Respir Med 188: 106607, 2021.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2021.106607"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Shimada H, Kato Y, Okuda M, et al. Pleuritis associated with immunoglobulin G4-related disease under normal thoracoscopic findings: a case report. J Med Case Rep 15: 241, 2021.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-021-02718-4"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Carranza C, Pedraza-Sanchez S, de Oyarzabal-Mendez E, Torres M. Diagnosis for latent tuberculosis infection: new alternatives. Front Immunol 11: 2006, 2020.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02006"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Ryndak MB, Laal S. <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> primary infection and dissemination: a critical role for alveolar epithelial cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 9: 299, 2019.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00299"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Aggarwal AN, Agarwal R, Gupta D, Dhooria S, Behera D. Interferon gamma release assays for diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Microbiol 53: 2451-2459, 2015.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00823-15"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10. Maze M, Beckert L. Active tuberculosis (TB) with a negative interferon gamma release assay: failure of this test to rule out TB. N Z Med J 126: 85-87, 2013."},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Kim KH, Jeong N, Lim JU, et al. Clinical relevance of false-negative interferon-gamma release assays in patients with tuberculous pleurisy in an intermediate tuberculosis burden country. J Thorac Dis 14: 1009-1019, 2022.","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-21-1723"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Lee SW, Oh DK, Lee SH, Kang HY, Lee CT, Yim JJ. Time interval to conversion of interferon-gamma release assay after exposure to tuberculosis. Eur Respir J 37: 1447-1452, 2011.","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00089510"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Rangaka MX, Wilkinson KA, Glynn JR, et al. Predictive value of interferon-gamma release assays for incident active tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 12: 45-55, 2012.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70210-9"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Zeng T, Ling B, Hu X, et al. The value of adenosine deaminase 2 in the detection of tuberculous pleural effusion: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Can Respir J 2022: 7078652, 2022.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7078652"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Zhang X, Meng Q, Miao R, Huang P. The diagnostic value of T cell spot test and adenosine deaminase in pleural effusion for tuberculous pleurisy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 135: 102223, 2022.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2022.102223"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Wang J, Liu J, Xie X, Shen P, He J, Zeng Y. The pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase\/adenosine deaminase ratio differentiates between tuberculous and parapneumonic pleural effusions. BMC Pulm Med 17: 168, 2017.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-017-0526-z"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Saraya T, Ohkuma K, Koide T, Goto H, Takizawa H, Light RW. A novel diagnostic method for distinguishing parapneumonic effusion and empyema from other diseases by using the pleural lactate dehydrogenase to adenosine deaminase ratio and carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Medicine (Baltimore) 98: e15003, 2019.","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015003"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000509555","volume":"100","author":"A Beukes","year":"2021","unstructured":"18. Beukes A, Shaw JA, Diacon AH, Irusen EM, Koegelenberg CFN. The utility of pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase to adenosine deaminase ratio in pleural tuberculosis. Respiration 100: 59-63, 2021.","journal-title":"Respiration","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0025-7931","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"19. Burgess LJ, Maritz FJ, Le Roux I, Taljaard JJ. Combined use of pleural adenosine deaminase with lymphocyte\/neutrophil ratio. Increased specificity for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis. Chest 109: 414-419, 1996.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.2.414"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Shimoda M, Hirata A, Tanaka Y, et al. Characteristics of pleural effusion with a high adenosine deaminase level: a case-control study. BMC Pulm Med 22: 359, 2022.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-022-02150-4"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Hogan CA, Puri L, Gore G, Pai M. Impact of fluoroquinolone treatment on delay of tuberculosis diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 6: 1-7, 2016.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2016.12.001"}],"container-title":["Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/internalmedicine\/65\/19\/65_6693-25\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T03:30:27Z","timestamp":1790998227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/internalmedicine\/65\/19\/65_6693-25\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.6693-25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0918-2918","1349-7235"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0918-2918","type":"print"},{"value":"1349-7235","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"article-number":"6693-25"}}