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At the molecular level, DNA Damage\nResponse (DDR) by tumoral cells can reduce cell elimination via Ionizing Radiation (IR). Human Papillomavirus\n(HPV) infection, in some cases, further complicates the picture. Recent findings highlight how these molecular\nresponses, as well as immune modulation, remodeling cell metabolism, enhanced growth factors, and\nhypoxia in TME, can influence tumor responses to IR. These findings may lead to strategies for radiosensitizing\nhead and neck cancers. Unraveling these interactions is key to developing more effective treatments. This\nreview focuses on different mechanisms of radioresistance in head and neck cancers. Then, we provide an\noverview of different targets and potential adjuvants or drugs for radiosensitization of these malignancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/0113816128398373250910100446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T04:21:04Z","timestamp":1758514864000},"page":"1274-1292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Promising Targets and Drugs for Improving Head and Neck Cancer Response to Radiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Faris Anad","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Alnoor University, Nineveh, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayat Hussein","family":"Adhab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morug Salih","family":"Mahdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of MLT, Ahl Al Bayt University, Karbala, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashishkumar","family":"Kyada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marwadi University, Rajkot, 360003, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subbulakshmi","family":"Ganesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Bhanot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research Impact &amp; Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. Satyam","family":"Naidu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 531162, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aseel Salah","family":"Mansoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gilgamesh Ahliya University, Baghdad, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usama Kadem","family":"Radi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasr Saadoun","family":"Abd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munther","family":"Kadhim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq"},{"name":"College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2020.04.002","volume":"32","author":"Rahman Q.B.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rahman Q.B.; Iocca O.; Kufta K.; Shanti R.M.; Global burden of head and neck cancer. 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