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Its structure comprises a bicyclic ring of benzopyrazine and displays a range of\npharmacological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and antiinflammatory.\nThis study aims to summarize the different strategies for the synthesis of quinoxalines\nand their anti-inflammatory properties acting through different mechanisms. Structure-activity\nrelationships have also been discussed in order to determine the effect of structural modifications on\nanti-inflammatory potential. These analyses illuminate critical structural features required for optimal\nactivity, driving the design and synthesis of new quinoxaline analogues with better antiinflammatory\nactivities. The anti-inflammatory properties of quinoxalines are attributed to their inhibitory\naction on the expression of several inflammatory modulators such as cyclooxygenase, cytokines,\nnuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF&amp;#954;B) and p38&amp;#945; Mitogen\nActivated Protein Kinase (p38&amp;#945; MAPK). Activators of nuclear factor erythroid 2\u2013related factor 2\n(NRF2) and agonistic effect on opioid receptors have also been discussed. Hence, this study may\nprovide a future template for the design and development of novel quinoxaline derivatives acting\nthrough different molecular targets as potential anti-inflammatory agents with better efficacy and\nsafety profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/0113895575307480240610055622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T03:48:37Z","timestamp":1719200917000},"page":"138-162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Synthetic Methods of Quinoxaline Derivatives and their Potential Anti-inflammatory Properties"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"25","author":[{"family":"Anjali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Payal","family":"Kamboj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Amir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.02.029","volume":"140","author":"Nathan C.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nathan C.; Ding A.; Nonresolving inflammation. 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