{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T05:00:48Z","timestamp":1783746048841,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CCR"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The association between cryptogenic stroke (CS) and patent foramen ovale (PFO)\nwith or without atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) has been a debate for decades in terms of pathophysiologic\nprocesses and clinical courses. This issue has become more interesting and complex,\nbecause of the concerns associating the CS with so-called normal variant pathologies of interatrial\nseptum, namely ASA and PFO. While there is an anatomical pathology in the interatrial septum,\nnamely PFO and ASA, the embolic source of stroke is not clearly defined. Moreover, in patients\nwith PFO and CS, the risk of recurrent stroke has also been associated with other PFOunrelated\nfactors, such as hyperlipidemia, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension,\nleading to the difficulty in understanding the pathophysiologic mechanism of CS in patients with\nPFO and\/or ASA. Theoretically, the embolic source of cryptogenic stroke in which PFO and\/or\nASA has been involved can be categorized into three different anatomical locations, namely PFO\ntissue and\/or ASA tissue itself, right or left atrial chambers, and venous vascular territory distal\nto the right atrium, i.e., inferior vena cava and lower extremity venous system. However, the\npossible role of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation associated with PFO and\/or ASA as a source of\ncryptogenic stroke has never been mentioned clearly in the literature. This review aims to explain\nthe association of cryptogenic stroke with PFO and\/or ASA in a comprehensive manner,\nincluding anatomical, clinical, and mechanistic aspects.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The potential role of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and its contribution to clinical course have\nbeen also discussed in a hypothetical manner to elucidate the pathophysiology of CS and support\nfurther treatment modalities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/011573403x267669240125041203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T14:02:31Z","timestamp":1708092151000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ignored Role of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in the Pathophysiology of\nCryptogenic Stroke in Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale and Atrial\nSeptal Aneurysm"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ertan","family":"Yetkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, T\u00fcrkiye Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Atmaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, T\u00fcrkiye Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilal","family":"\u00c7u\u011flan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Kanuni Sultan Suleiman\nTraining and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenan","family":"Yalta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine Edirne, Trakya\nUniversity, Trakya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.56440","volume":"28","author":"Kuriki A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuriki A.; Ueno Y.; Kamiya Y.; Atrial septal aneurysm may cause in-hospital recurrence of cryptogenic stroke. 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