{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T11:23:16Z","timestamp":1768735396949,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"8","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo a pesquisa de S\u00e3o Paulo -FAPESP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\/13503-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\/13503-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PPL"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are parasitic diseases\ncharacterized by skin manifestations. In Brazil, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis is one of the\netiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The therapeutic arsenal routinely employed to treat\ninfected patients is unsatisfactory, especially for pentavalent antimonials, as they are often highly\ntoxic, poorly tolerated and of variable effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the\nleishmanicidal activity of toxins isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom as a new\napproach for the treatment of leishmaniasis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The comparative effects of crotamine, crotoxin, gyrotoxin, convulxin and PLA2 on bone\nmarrow-derived macrophages infected with L. (L.) amazonensis as well as the release of TGF-\u03b2\nfrom the treated macrophages were studied.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results and Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p> Crotamine had the strongest inhibitory effect on parasite growth rate\n(IC50: 25.65\u00b10.52 \u03bcg\/mL), while convulxin showed the weakest inhibitory effect (IC50: 52.7\u00b12.21\n\u03bcg\/mL). In addition, TGF-\u03b2 was significantly reduced after the treatment with all toxins evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The Crotalus durissus terrificus toxins used in this study displayed significant activity\nagainst L. (L.) amazonensis, indicating that all of them could be a potential alternative for the\ntreatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/0929866527666200129152954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,29]],"date-time":"2020-01-29T13:58:01Z","timestamp":1580306281000},"page":"718-724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Effect of Isolated Proteins from Crotalus Durissus Terrificus Venom on Leishmania (Leishmania) Amazonensis-Infected Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0457-6747","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simone","family":"Katz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235, 01504-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara L\u00facia","family":"Barbi\u00e9ri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5483-6394","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fernanda Paula Martins","family":"Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235, 01504-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1032-2188","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andreimar Martins","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rua da Beira, 7671, 76812-245, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8625-5076","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Chavantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235, 01504-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4694-7617","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stella Regina","family":"Zamuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235, 01504-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2012.13727","volume":"142","author":"Utzinger J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Utzinger J.; Becker S.L.; Knopp S.; Blum J.; Neumayr A.L.; Keiser J.; Hatz C.F.; Neglected tropical diseases: Diagnosis, clinical management, treatment and control. 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