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Once identified as the main ATP supplier, selective energy\ninhibitors and canonical breast cancer drugs were used to block stem cell viability and\nmetastatic properties.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>OxPhos and glycolytic protein contents, as well as HK and LDH activities were\nseveral times higher in BCSC than in their parental line, MCF-7 cells. However, CS,\nGDH, COX activities, and both energy metabolism pathway fluxes were significantly\nlower (38-86%) in BCSC than in MCF-7 cells. OxPhos was the main ATP provider\n(&gt;85%) in BCSC. Accordingly, oligomycin (a specific and potent canonical OxPhos inhibitor)\nand other non-canonical drugs with inhibitory effect on OxPhos (celecoxib,\ndimethylcelecoxib) significantly decreased BCSC viability, levels of epithelial-mesenchymal\ntransition proteins, invasiveness, and induced ROS over-production, with IC50 values\nranging from 1 to 20 \u03bcM in 24 h treatment. In contrast, glycolytic inhibitors (gossypol, iodoacetic\nacid, 3-bromopyruvate, 2-deoxyglucose) and canonical chemotherapeutic drugs\n(paclitaxel, doxorubicin, cisplatin) were much less effective against BCSC viability\n(IC50&gt; 100 \u03bcM).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>These results indicated that the use of some NSAIDs may be a promising alternative\ntherapeutic strategy to target BCSC.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867328666211005124015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,23]],"date-time":"2021-10-23T10:15:03Z","timestamp":1634984103000},"page":"2719-2735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Celecoxib and Dimethylcelecoxib Block Oxidative Phosphorylation,\nEpithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasiveness in Breast Cancer\nStem Cells"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1688-3878","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Gallardo-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8073-421X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alhel\u00ed Ad\u00e1n-Ladr\u00f3n","family":"de Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4403-5363","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marco Antonio","family":"Garc\u00eda-Amezcua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7287-938X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diana Xochiquetzal","family":"Robledo-Cadena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6772-6389","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Silvia Cecilia","family":"Pacheco-Vel\u00e1zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0125-0223","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Javier Alejandro","family":"Belmont-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3484-4124","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jorge Luis","family":"Vargas-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9587-7184","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rafael","family":"Moreno-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0822-1233","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sara","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Enr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.56.062804.103324","volume":"56","author":"Osborne C.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Osborne C.; Tripathy D.; Aromatase inhibitors: rationale and use in breast cancer. 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