{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:32:34Z","timestamp":1791379954383,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":194,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"33","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CMC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"\nBackground:<\/jats:title>\nAlthough radiotherapy is one of the main cancer treatment modalities, exposing\nhealthy organs\/tissues to ionizing radiation during treatment can lead to different adverse effects.\nIn this regard, it has been shown that the use of radioprotective agents may alleviate the ionizing\nradiation-induced toxicities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nObjective:<\/jats:title>\nThe present study aims to review the radioprotective potentials of silymarin\/silibinin in\nthe prevention\/reduction of ionizing radiation-induced adverse effects on healthy cells\/tissues.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods:<\/jats:title>\nBased on PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive and systematic search was performed\nfor identifying relevant literature on the \u201cpotential protective role of silymarin\/silibinin in the treatment\nof radiotherapy-induced toxicities\u201d in the different electronic databases of Web of Science,\nPubMed, and Scopus up to April 2022. Four hundred and fifty-five articles were obtained and\nscreened in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the current study. Finally, 19 papers\nwere included in this systematic review.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nResults:<\/jats:title>\nThe findings revealed that the ionizing radiation-treated groups had reduced survival rates\nand body weight in comparison with the control groups. It was also found that radiation can induce\nmild to severe adverse effects on the skin, digestive, hematologic, lymphatic, respiratory, reproductive,\nand urinary systems. Nevertheless, the administration of silymarin\/silibinin could mitigate the\nionizing radiation-induced adverse effects in most cases. This herbal agent exerts its radioprotective\neffects through anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory activities, and other mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusion:<\/jats:title>\nThe results of the current systematic review showed that co-treatment of silymarin\/silibinin\nwith radiotherapy alleviates the radiotherapy-induced adverse effects in healthy cells\/tissues.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867330666221124155339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T06:00:17Z","timestamp":1669356017000},"page":"3775-3797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Radioprotective Potentials of Silymarin\/Silibinin Against Radiotherapy-\nInduced Toxicities: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Experimental\nStudies"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Gloria Alexandra","family":"Latacela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Career Azogues Campus, University of Carrera de Enfermer\u00eda Campus Azogues de la Universidad Cat\u00f3lica\nde Cuenca, Azogues, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pushpamala","family":"Ramaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indrajit","family":"Patra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"An Independent Researcher,\nPhD from NIT Durgapur, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abduladheem Turki","family":"Jalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College,\nBabylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reena","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, District-Mathura, U.P., India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fakhriddin Akhmadovich","family":"Madaminov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of\nEpidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Ferghana Medical Institute of Public Health, 2-a Yangi Turon Street, Ferghana, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shafik","family":"Shaker Shafik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Nuclear Radiation Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moaed Emran","family":"Al-Gazally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University\nof Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Javed","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University,\nAl-kharj, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Kandeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf,\n31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelshikh University, Kafrelshikh\n33516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasser Fakri","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul-41001, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2290-7220","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bagher","family":"Farhood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\nof Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119020","volume":"269","author":"Mortezaee K.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mortezaee K.; Narmani A.; Salehi M.; Bagheri H.; Farhood B.; Haghi-Aminjan H.; Najafi M.; Synergic effects of nanoparticles-mediated hyperthermia in radiotherapy\/chemotherapy of cancer. Life Sci 2021,269,119020","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref=2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21708","volume":"72","author":"Siegel R.L.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Siegel R.L.; Miller K.D.; Fuchs H.E.; Jemal A.; Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin 2022,72(1),7-33","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"ref=3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2007630","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202007630","volume":"33","author":"Liang J.L.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liang J.L.; Luo G.F.; Chen W.H.; Zhang X.Z.; Recent advances in engineered materials for immunotherapy-involved combination cancer therapy. Adv Mater 2021,33(31),2007630","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1904278","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201904278","volume":"31","author":"Jiang J.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiang J.; Shen N.; Ci T.; Tang Z.; Gu Z.; Li G.; Chen X.; Combretastatin A4 nanodrug-induced MMP9 amplification boosts tumor-selective release of Doxorubicin prodrug. Adv Mater 2019,31(44),1904278","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"ref=5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.04.047","volume":"78","author":"Ford E.C.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ford E.C.; Terezakis S.; How safe is safe? Risk in radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010,78(2),321-322","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"ref=6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.3635","volume":"9","author":"Baskar R.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baskar R.; Lee K.A.; Yeo R.; Yeoh K.W.; Cancer and radiation therapy: current advances and future directions. Int J Med Sci 2012,9(3),193-199","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref=7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105847","volume":"76","author":"Mortezaee K.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mortezaee K.; Parwaie W.; Motevaseli E.; Mirtavoos-Mahyari H.; Musa A.E.; Shabeeb D.; Esmaely F.; Najafi M.; Farhood B.; Targets for improving tumor response to radiotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2019,76,105847","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref=8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2018.08.018","volume":"143","author":"Farhood B","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farhood B; Geraily G; Abtahi SMM; Abtahi SMM: A systematic review of clinical applications of polymer gel dosimeters in radiotherapy. Appl Radiat Isotopes 2019,143,47-59","journal-title":"Appl Radiat Isotopes"},{"key":"ref=9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncx076","volume":"178","author":"Bagheri H.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bagheri H.; Rabie Mahdavi S.; Shekarchi B.; Manouchehri F.; Farhood B.; Measurement of the contralateral breast photon and thermal neutron doses in breast cancer radiotherapy: A comparison between physical and dynamic wedges. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2018,178(1),73-81","journal-title":"Radiat Prot Dosimetry"},{"key":"ref=10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4003","volume":"12","author":"Moding E.J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moding E.J.; Kastan M.B.; Kirsch D.G.; Strategies for optimizing the response of cancer and normal tissues to radiation. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2013,12(7),526-542","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref=11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104745","volume":"155","author":"Farhood B.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Farhood B.; khodamoradi E.; Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M.; Motevaseli E.; Mirtavoos-Mahyari H.; Eleojo Musa A.; Najafi M.; TGF-\u03b2 in radiotherapy: Mechanisms of tumor resistance and normal tissues injury. Pharmacol Res 2020,155,104745","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref=12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.3857\/roj.2014.32.3.103","volume":"32","author":"Kim J.H.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim J.H.; Jenrow K.A.; Brown S.L.; Mechanisms of radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity and implications for future clinical trials. Radiat Oncol J 2014,32(3),103-115","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol J"},{"key":"ref=13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.05.071","volume":"2010","author":"Kavanagh BD","unstructured":"Kavanagh BD; Pan CC; Dawson LA; Das SK; Li XA; Ten Haken RK; Miften M; Radiation dose\u2013volume effects in the stomach and small bowel. Int J Radiat Oncol ,2010(3),S101-S107","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"ref=14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.02.016","volume":"92","author":"Pollom EL","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pollom EL; Deng L; Pai RK; Brown JM; Giaccia A; Loo BW; Shultz DB; Le QT; Koong AC; Chang DT; Gastrointestinal toxicities with combined antiangiogenic and stereotactic body radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol 2015,92(3),568-576","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"ref=15","first-page":"193","volume":"7","author":"Yahyapour R.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yahyapour R.; Amini P.; Saffar H.; Rezapoor S.; Motevaseli E.; Cheki M.; Farhood B.; Nouruzi F.; Shabeeb D.; Eleojo Musa A.; Najafi M.; Metformin protects against radiation-induced heart injury and attenuates the upregulation of dual oxidase genes following rat\u2019s chest Irradiation. Int J Mol Cell Med 2018,7(3),193-202","journal-title":"Int J Mol Cell Med"},{"key":"ref=16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.4103\/jcrt.JCRT_1341_16","volume":"15","author":"Sheikhzadeh P.D.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sheikhzadeh P.D.; Khezerloo D.; Mortezazadeh T.; Farhood B.; Seyfizadeh N.; Pezhman L.; The effect of date palm seed extract as a new potential radioprotector in gamma-irradiated mice. J Cancer Res Ther 2019,15(3),517-521","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"key":"ref=17","first-page":"236","volume":"21","author":"Aliasgharzadeh A.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aliasgharzadeh A.; Farhood B.; Amini P.; Saffar H.; Motevaseli E.; Rezapoor S.; Nouruzi F.; Shabeeb D.H.; Eleojo Musa A.; Mohseni M.; Moradi H.; Najafi M.; Melatonin attenuates upregulation of duox1 and duox2 and protects against lung injury following chest irradiation in rats. Cell J 2019,21(3),236-242","journal-title":"Cell J"},{"key":"ref=18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina55070317","volume":"55","author":"Farhood B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farhood B.; Aliasgharzadeh A.; Amini P.; Saffar H.; Motevaseli E.; Rezapoor S.; Nouruzi F.; Shabeeb D.; Eleojo Musa A.; Ashabi G.; Mohseni M.; Moradi H.; Najafi M.; Radiation-induced dual oxidase upregulation in rat heart tissues: Protective effect of melatonin. Medicina (Kaunas) 2019,55(7),317","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref=19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina55080417","volume":"55","author":"Farhood B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farhood B.; Aliasgharzadeh A.; Amini P.; Rezaeyan A.; Tavassoli A.; Motevaseli E.; Shabeeb D.; Eleojo Musa A.; Najafi M.; Mitigation of radiation-induced lung pneumonitis and fibrosis using metformin and melatonin: A histopathological study. Medicina (Kaunas) 2019,55(8),417","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref=20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.2174\/18755666MTA2pODE0z","volume":"21","author":"Amini P.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amini P.; Nodooshan S.J.; Ashrafizadeh M.; Eftekhari S-M.; Aryafar T.; Khalafi L.; Musa A.E.; Mahdavi S.R.; Najafi M.; Farhood B.; Resveratrol induces apoptosis and attenuates proliferation of MCF-7 cells in combination with radiation and hyperthermia. Curr Mol Med 2021,21(2),142-150","journal-title":"Curr Mol Med"},{"key":"ref=21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.2174\/1871523018666191111124028","volume":"19","author":"Farhood B.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Farhood B.; Hassanzadeh G.; Amini P.; Shabeeb D.; Musa A.E.; Khodamoradi E.; Mohseni M.; Aliasgharzadeh A.; Moradi H.; Najafi M.; Mitigation of radiation-induced gastrointestinal system injury using resveratrol or Alpha-lipoic Acid: A Pilot Histopathological Study. Anti-Inflamm Anti-Allergy Agents Med Chem 2020,19(4),413-424","journal-title":"Anti-Inflamm Anti-Allergy Agents Med Chem"},{"key":"ref=22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.2174\/2589977512666201228104528","volume":"13","author":"Nodooshan S.J.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nodooshan S.J.; Amini P.; Ashrafizadeh M.; Tavakoli S.; Aryafar T.; Khalafi L.; Musa A.E.; Mahdavi S.R.; Najafi M.; Ahmadi A.; Suberosin attenuates the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in combination with radiotherapy or hyperthermia. Curr Drug Res Rev 2021,13(2),148-153","journal-title":"Curr Drug Res Rev"},{"key":"ref=23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8791","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29722","volume":"235","author":"Motallebzadeh E.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Motallebzadeh E.; Tameh A.A.; Zavareh S.A.T.; Farhood B.; Aliasgharzedeh A.; Mohseni M.; Neuroprotective effect of melatonin on radiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats. J Cell Physiol 2020,235(11),8791-8798","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref=24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-021-02099-0","volume":"21","author":"Arabzadeh A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Arabzadeh A.; Mortezazadeh T.; Aryafar T.; Gharepapagh E.; Majdaeen M.; Farhood B.; Therapeutic potentials of resveratrol in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy during glioblastoma treatment: A mechanistic review. Cancer Cell Int 2021,21(1),391","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"},{"key":"ref=25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107741","volume":"96","author":"Sheikholeslami S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sheikholeslami S.; Khodaverdian S.; Dorri-Giv M.; Mohammad Hosseini S.; Souri S.; Abedi-Firouzjah R.; Zamani H.; Dastranj L.; Farhood B.; The radioprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid on radiotherapy-induced toxicities: A systematic review. Int Immunopharmacol 2021,96,107741","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref=26","first-page":"1483","volume":"22","author":"Ahmed R.F.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ahmed R.F.; Moussa R.A.; Eldemerdash R.S.; Zakaria M.M.; Abdel-Gaber S.A.; Ameliorative effects of silymarin on HCl-induced acute lung injury in rats; role of the Nrf-2\/HO-1 pathway. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2019,22(12),1483-1492","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"ref=27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735407302349","volume":"6","author":"Comelli M.C.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Comelli M.C.; Mengs U.; Schneider C.; Prosdocimi M.; Toward the definition of the mechanism of action of silymarin: activities related to cellular protection from toxic damage induced by chemotherapy. Integr Cancer Ther 2007,6(2),120-129","journal-title":"Integr Cancer Ther"},{"key":"ref=28","first-page":"292797","volume":"2015","author":"de Oliveira D.R.","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Oliveira D.R.; Tintino S.R.; Braga M.F.; Boligon A.A.; Athayde M.L.; Coutinho H.D.; de Menezes I.R.; Fachinetto R.; In vitro antimicrobial and modulatory activity of the natural products silymarin and silibinin. BioMed Res Int 2015,2015,292797","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"ref=29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/cld.522","volume":"7","author":"Ferenci P.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ferenci P.; Silymarin in the treatment of liver diseases: What is the clinical evidence? Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken) 2016,7(1),8-10","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken)"},{"key":"ref=30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(89)90083-4","volume":"9","author":"Ferenci P.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ferenci P.; Dragosics B.; Dittrich H.; Frank H.; Benda L.; Lochs H.; Meryn S.; Base W.; Schneider B.; Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Hepatol 1989,9(1),105-113","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref=31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804274-8.00045-X","author":"Abenavoli L.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abenavoli L.; Milic N.; Silymarin for Liver Disease. Liver Pathophysiology 2017,621-631","journal-title":"Liver Pathophysiology"},{"key":"ref=32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.2174\/092986707779941159","volume":"14","author":"Gaz\u00e1k R.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gaz\u00e1k R.; Walterov\u00e1 D.; Kren V.; Silybin and silymarin--new and emerging applications in medicine. Curr Med Chem 2007,14(3),315-338","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"ref=33","first-page":"341","volume":"59","author":"Testino G.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Testino G.; Leone S.; Ansaldi F.; Borro P.; Silymarin and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe): two promising pharmacological agents in case of chronic alcoholic hepathopathy. A review and a point of view. Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol 2013,59(4),341-356","journal-title":"Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol"},{"key":"ref=34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2014.05.016","volume":"97","author":"Zholobenko A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zholobenko A.; Modriansky M.; Silymarin and its constituents in cardiac preconditioning. Fitoterapia 2014,97,122-132","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref=35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v6.i3.144","volume":"6","author":"Vargas-Mendoza N.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vargas-Mendoza N.; Madrigal-Santill\u00e1n E.; Morales-Gonz\u00e1lez A.; Esquivel-Soto J.; Esquivel-Chirino C.; Garc\u00eda-Luna Y Gonz\u00e1lez-Rubio M.; Gayosso-de-Lucio J.A.; Morales-Gonz\u00e1lez J.A.; Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin. World J Hepatol 2014,6(3),144-149","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref=36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox4010204","volume":"4","author":"Surai P.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Surai P.; Silymarin as a natural antioxidant: An overview of the current evidence and perspectives. Antioxidants 2015,4(1),204-247","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref=37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2019.1584208","volume":"43","author":"Guzel S.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guzel S.; Sahinogullari Z.U.; Canacankatan N.; Antmen S.E.; Kibar D.; Coskun Yilmaz B.; Potential renoprotective effects of silymarin against vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020,43(6),630-636","journal-title":"Drug Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"ref=38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-017-0407-3","volume":"26","author":"Zhu Z.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhu Z.; Sun G.; Silymarin mitigates lung impairments in a rat model of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Inflammopharmacology 2018,26(3),747-754","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref=39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.03.140","volume":"102","author":"Taleb A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Taleb A; Ahmad KA; Ihsan AU; Qu J; Lin N; Hezam K; Koju N; Hui L; Qilong D; Antioxidant effects and mechanism of silymarin in oxidative stress induced cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2018,102,689-698","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref=40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57997","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-14722-8","volume":"28","author":"Abd Eldaim M.A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abd Eldaim M.A.; Barakat E.R.; Alkafafy M.; Elaziz S.A.A.; Antioxidant and anti-apoptotic prophylactic effect of silymarin against lead-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021,28(41),57997-58006","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"ref=41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2021.105168","volume":"194","author":"Ferraz A.C.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferraz A.C.; Almeida L.T.; da Silva Caetano C.C.; da Silva Menegatto M.B.; Souza Lima R.L.; de Senna J.P.N.; de Oliveira Cardoso J.M.; Perucci L.O.; Talvani A.; Geraldo de Lima W.; de Mello Silva B.; Barbosa Reis A.; de Magalh\u00e3es J.C.; Lopes de Brito Magalh\u00e3es C.; Hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities of silymarin against mayaro virus infection. Antiviral Res 2021,194,105168","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"ref=42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735407301632","volume":"6","author":"Post-White J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Post-White J.; Ladas E.J.; Kelly K.M.; Advances in the use of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Integr Cancer Ther 2007,6(2),104-109","journal-title":"Integr Cancer Ther"},{"key":"ref=43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2849","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6470","volume":"33","author":"Hosseinabadi T.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hosseinabadi T.; Lorigooini Z.; Tabarzad M.; Salehi B.; Rodrigues C.F.; Martins N.; Sharifi-Rad J.; Silymarin antiproliferative and apoptotic effects: Insights into its clinical impact in various types of cancer. Phytother Res 2019,33(11),2849-2861","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"ref=44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22363","volume":"61","author":"Barros T.M.B.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barros T.M.B.; Lima A.P.B.; Almeida T.C.; Silva G.N.; Inhibition of urinary bladder cancer cell proliferation by silibinin. Environ Mol Mutagen 2020,61(4),445-455","journal-title":"Environ Mol Mutagen"},{"key":"ref=45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.2174\/138920112798868818","volume":"13","author":"F\u00e9her J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"F\u00e9her J.; Lengyel G.; Silymarin in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases and primary liver cancer. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2012,13(1),210-217","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref=46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2021.12753","volume":"21","author":"Kim S.H.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim S.H.; Choo G.S.; Yoo E.S.; Woo J.S.; Lee J.H.; Han S.H.; Jung S.H.; Kim H.J.; Jung J.Y.; Silymarin inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells via regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway and induction of apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2021,21(6),492","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"ref=47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515690x211068826","DOI":"10.1177\/2515690X211068826","volume":"27","author":"Koltai T.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koltai T.; Fliegel L.; Role of silymarin in cancer treatment: Facts, hypotheses, and questions. J Evid-Based Integr Med 2022,27,2515690x211068826","journal-title":"J Evid-Based Integr Med"},{"key":"ref=48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1089\/15230860260220166","volume":"4","author":"Singh R.P.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Singh R.P.; Agarwal R.; Flavonoid antioxidant silymarin and skin cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2002,4(4),655-663","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"ref=49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.04.039","volume":"81","author":"Wu T","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wu T; Liu W; Guo W; Zhu X; Silymarin suppressed lung cancer growth in mice via inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016,81,460-467","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref=50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3618","volume":"26","author":"Yu H.C.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yu H.C.; Chen L.J.; Cheng K.C.; Li Y.X.; Yeh C.H.; Cheng J.T.; Silymarin inhibits cervical cancer cell through an increase of phosphatase and tensin homolog. Phytother Res 2012,26(5),709-715","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"ref=51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/22.9.1399","volume":"22","author":"Zhu W.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zhu W.; Zhang J.S.; Young C.Y.; Silymarin inhibits function of the androgen receptor by reducing nuclear localization of the receptor in the human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Carcinogenesis 2001,22(9),1399-1403","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"ref=52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25092009","volume":"25","author":"Delmas D.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Delmas D.; Xiao J.; Vejux A.; Aires V.; Silymarin and Cancer: A dual strategy in both in chemoprevention and chemosensitivity. Molecules 2020,25(9),2009","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref=53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2005.002","volume":"149","author":"K\u0159en V.","year":"2005","unstructured":"K\u0159en V.; Walterov\u00e1 D.; Silybin and silymarin - new effects and applications. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2005,149(1),29-41","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub"},{"key":"ref=54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.02.038","volume":"132","author":"Polyak S.J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Polyak S.J.; Morishima C.; Shuhart M.C.; Wang C.C.; Liu Y.; Lee D.Y.W.; Inhibition of T-cell inflammatory cytokines, hepatocyte NF-kappaB signaling, and HCV infection by standardized Silymarin. Gastroenterology 2007,132(5),1925-1936","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref=55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1159\/000113648","volume":"15","author":"Saller R","year":"2008","unstructured":"Saller R; Brignoli R; Melzer J; Meier R; An updated systematic review with meta-analysis for the clinical evidence of silymarin. Forschende Komplementarmedizin (2006) 2008,15(1),9-20","journal-title":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin (2006)"},{"key":"ref=56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2006.07.021","volume":"227","author":"Zhong X.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhong X.; Zhu Y.; Lu Q.; Zhang J.; Ge Z.; Zheng S.; Silymarin causes caspases activation and apoptosis in K562 leukemia cells through inactivation of Akt pathway. Toxicology 2006,227(3),211-216","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref=57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135","volume":"151","author":"Moher D","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D; Liberati A; Tetzlaff J; Altman DG; Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med 2009,151(4),264-269","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref=58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2009.11.007","volume":"695","author":"Tiwari P.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tiwari P.; Kumar A.; Ali M.; Mishra K.P.; Radioprotection of plasmid and cellular DNA and Swiss mice by silibinin. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2010,695(1-2),55-60","journal-title":"Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen"},{"key":"ref=59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-015-0055-6","volume":"15","author":"Son Y.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Son Y.; Lee H.J.; Rho J.K.; Chung S.Y.; Lee C.G.; Yang K.; Kim S.H.; Lee M.; Shin I.S.; Kim J.S.; The ameliorative effect of silibinin against radiation-induced lung injury: protection of normal tissue without decreasing therapeutic efficacy in lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2015,15(1),68","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"ref=60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22076","volume":"31","author":"Adhikari M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Adhikari M.; Arora R.; The flavonolignan-silymarin protects enzymatic, hematological, and immune system against \u03b3-radiation-induced toxicity. Environ Toxicol 2016,31(6),641-654","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"key":"ref=61","first-page":"222","volume":"16","author":"Ali S.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ali S.; Shaikh F.; Abbas K.; Iftikhar A.; Shaikh B.; Silymarin ameliorates radiation sickness and weight loss: An experimental study on rodents. J Liaquat Uni Med Health Sci 2013,16(4),222-227","journal-title":"J Liaquat Uni Med Health Sci"},{"key":"ref=62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23379","volume":"61","author":"Read G.H.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Read G.H.; Bailleul J.; Vlashi E.; Kesarwala A.H.; Metabolic response to radiation therapy in cancer. Mol Carcinog 2022,61(2),200-224","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"key":"ref=63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.458","volume":"109","author":"Langius J A E.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Langius J A E.; Bakker S.; Rietveld D.H.F.; Kruizenga H.M.; Langendijk J.A.; Weijs P.J.M.; Leemans C.R.; Critical weight loss is a major prognostic indicator for disease-specific survival in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy. Br J Cancer 2013,109(5),1093-1099","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"ref=64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000298","volume":"11","author":"Lau S.K.M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lau S.K.M.; Iyengar P.; Implications of weight loss for cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2017,11(4),261-265","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care"},{"key":"ref=65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-011-1132-x","volume":"20","author":"Nourissat A","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nourissat A; Bairati I; Fortin A; G\u00e9linas M; Nabid A; Brochet F; T\u00eatu B; Meyer F; Factors associated with weight loss during radiotherapy in patients with stage I or II head and neck cancer. Supportive Care Cancer 2012,20(3),591-599","journal-title":"Supportive Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref=66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1080\/09553009214551411","volume":"61","author":"Gy\u00f6rgy I.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gy\u00f6rgy I.; Antus S.; Bl\u00e1zovics A.; F\u00f6ldi\u00e1k G.; Substituent effects in the free radical reactions of silybin: radiation-induced oxidation of the flavonoid at neutral pH. Int J Radiat Biol 1992,61(5),603-609","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"ref=67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1993.tb05619.x","volume":"45","author":"Hakov\u00e1 H.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hakov\u00e1 H.; Mi\u0161\u00farov\u00e1 E.; The effect of silymarin and gamma radiation on nucleic acids in rat organs. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011,45(10),910-912","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref=68","first-page":"1905","volume":"48","author":"El-Shennawy H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"El-Shennawy H.; El Shahat A.; Ahmed A.; Abdelaziz N.; Ameliorative effect of silymarin against radiation-induced oxidative stress in the liver of male rats. Pak J Zool 2016,48(6),1905-1909","journal-title":"Pak J Zool"},{"key":"ref=69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1080\/16878507.2019.1695392","volume":"13","author":"Abdelmageed Marzook E.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdelmageed Marzook E.; Abdel-Aziz A.F.; Abd El-Moneim A.E.; Mansour H.A.; Atia K.S.; Salah N.A.; MicroRNA-122 expression in hepatotoxic and \u03b3-irradiated rats pre-treated with naringin and silymarin. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 2020,13(1),38-46","journal-title":"J Radiat Res Appl Sci"},{"key":"ref=70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1006\/phrs.2002.0990","volume":"45","author":"Ramadan L.A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ramadan L.A.; Roushdy H.M.; Abu Senna G.M.; Amin N.E.; El-Deshw O.A.; Radioprotective effect of silymarin against radiation induced hepatotoxicity. Pharmacol Res 2002,45(6),447-454","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref=71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69386","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20624","volume":"8","author":"Kim J.S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim J.S.; Han N.K.; Kim S.H.; Lee H.J.; Silibinin attenuates radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis and reverses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017,8(41),69386-69397","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref=72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5704","volume":"30","author":"Elyasi S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Elyasi S.; Hosseini S.; Niazi Moghadam M.R.; Aledavood S.A.; Karimi G.; Effect of oral silymarin administration on prevention of radiotherapy induced mucositis: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2016,30(11),1879-1885","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"ref=73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1080\/09553002.2020.1689438","volume":"96","author":"Mahmoud A.Z.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mahmoud A.Z.; Ibrahim H.A.; El-Sawi M.R.; Habza M.N.; Effects of silymarin and mesenchymal stem cells on hematological and some biochemical changes induced by gamma radiation in albino rats. Int J Radiat Biol 2020,96(2),220-227","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"ref=74","first-page":"2","volume":"3","author":"Karri V.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karri V.; Gowthamarajan K.; Satish Kumar M.; Rajkumar M.; Multiple biological actions of curcumin in the management of diabetic foot ulcer complications: a systematic review. Trop Med Surg 2015,3(179),2","journal-title":"Trop Med Surg"},{"key":"ref=75","first-page":"187","volume":"77","author":"Salah Noori R.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salah Noori R.; Abdul-RedhaIsmaiel M.; Relationship between oxidative stress and the blood iron concentration and antioxidant status in major \u00df-thalassemia in Iraq. Arch Razi Inst 2022,77(1),187-198","journal-title":"Arch Razi Inst"},{"key":"ref=76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4524","DOI":"10.19082\/4524","volume":"9","author":"Marzban M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marzban M.; Anjamshoa M.; Jafari P.; Masoumi H.; Ahadi R.; Fatehi D.; Effects of gamma rays on rat testis tissue according to the morphological parameters and immunohistochemistry: radioprotective role of silymarin. Electron Physician 2017,9(6),4524-4532","journal-title":"Electron Physician"},{"key":"ref=77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2017.12.004","volume":"178","author":"Fatehi D.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fatehi D.; Mohammadi M.; Shekarchi B.; Shabani A.; Seify M.; Rostamzadeh A.; Radioprotective effects of Silymarin on the sperm parameters of NMRI mice irradiated with \u03b3-rays. J Photochem Photobiol B 2018,178,489-495","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"key":"ref=78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3109\/09553002.2013.741285","volume":"89","author":"Adhikari M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adhikari M.; Dhaker A.; Adhikari J.; Ivanov V.; Singh V.; Chawla R.; Kumar R.; Sharma R.; Karamalakova Y.; Gadjeva V.; Arora R.; In vitro studies on radioprotective efficacy of silymarin against \u03b3-irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2013,89(3),200-211","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Biol"},{"key":"ref=79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2019.104299","volume":"111","author":"Abdel-Magied N.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdel-Magied N.; Elkady A.A.; Possible curative role of curcumin and silymarin against nephrotoxicity induced by gamma-rays in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2019,111,104299","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"ref=80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23056","volume":"36","author":"Mohamed M.A.E.H.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohamed M.A.E.H.; Mohammed H.S.; Mostafa S.A.; Ibrahim M.T.; Protective effects of Saraca indica L. leaves extract (family Fabaceae) against gamma irradiation induced injury in the kidney of female albino rats. Environ Toxicol 2021,36(4),506-519","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"key":"ref=81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-011-2204-z","volume":"187","author":"Becker-Schiebe M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Becker-Schiebe M.; Mengs U.; Schaefer M.; Bulitta M.; Hoffmann W.; Topical use of a silymarin-based preparation to prevent radiodermatitis : Results of a prospective study in breast cancer patients. Strahlenther Onkol 2011,187(8),485-491","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol"},{"key":"ref=82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6231","volume":"33","author":"Karbasforooshan H.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karbasforooshan H.; Hosseini S.; Elyasi S.; Fani Pakdel A.; Karimi G.; Topical silymarin administration for prevention of acute radiodermatitis in breast cancer patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2019,33(2),379-386","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"ref=83","first-page":"111","volume":"11","author":"Paul R.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paul R.; Mukkadan J.; Modulation of blood glucose, oxidative stress, and anxiety level by controlled vestibular stimulation in prediabetes. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2020,11,111-117","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"ref=84","first-page":"90","volume":"48","author":"Xavier J.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xavier J.; Farias C.P.; Soares M.S.P.; Silveira GdO.; Spanevello RM.; Yonamine M.; Gamaro GD.; Carvalho HWd.; Cognato GdP.; Ayahuasca prevents oxidative stress in a rat model of depression elicited by unpredictable chronic mild stress. Arch Clin Psychiatry (S\u00e3o Paulo) 2021,48,90-98","journal-title":"Arch Clin Psychiatry (S\u00e3o Paulo)"},{"key":"ref=85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"01","DOI":"10.5455\/jcmr.2020.11.03.01","volume":"11","author":"Sangeetha T.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sangeetha T.; Chen Y.; Sasidharan S.; Oxidative stress and aging and medicinal plants as antiaging agents. J Complement Med Res 2020,11(3),01","journal-title":"J Complement Med Res"},{"key":"ref=86","first-page":"1348","volume":"25","author":"AlAmeri A.A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"AlAmeri A.A.; ALMashhedy LA; The Association between Adipolin and Oxidative Stress for Diabetic Female Type II. Ann Rom Soc Cell Biol 2021,25(6),1348-1357","journal-title":"Ann Rom Soc Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref=87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119721","volume":"281","author":"Sheikholeslami S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sheikholeslami S.; Aryafar T.; Abedi-Firouzjah R.; Banaei A.; Dorri-Giv M.; Zamani H.; Ataei G.; Majdaeen M.; Farhood B.; The role of melatonin on radiation-induced pneumonitis and lung fibrosis: A systematic review. Life Sci 2021,281,119721","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref=88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27811","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027811","volume":"6","author":"Barjaktarovic Z.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barjaktarovic Z.; Schmaltz D.; Shyla A.; Azimzadeh O.; Schulz S.; Haagen J.; D\u00f6rr W.; Sarioglu H.; Sch\u00e4fer A.; Atkinson M.J.; Zischka H.; Tapio S.; Radiation-induced signaling results in mitochondrial impairment in mouse heart at 4 weeks after exposure to X-rays. PLoS One 2011,6(12),e27811","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref=89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10377","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-3036","volume":"66","author":"Kim G.J.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim G.J.; Fiskum G.M.; Morgan W.F.; A role for mitochondrial dysfunction in perpetuating radiation-induced genomic instability. Cancer Res 2006,66(21),10377-10383","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref=90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2016.08.004","volume":"31","author":"Vaiserman A.M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vaiserman A.M.; Lushchak O.V.; Koliada A.K.; Anti-aging pharmacology: Promises and pitfalls. Ageing Res Rev 2016,31,9-35","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"ref=91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4087298","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4087298","volume":"2019","author":"Wu X.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu X.; Ji H.; Wang Y.; Gu C.; Gu W.; Hu L.; Zhu L.; Melatonin alleviates radiation-induced lung injury via regulation of miR-30e\/NLRP3 axis. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019,2019,4087298","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"ref=92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-017-1828-6","volume":"20","author":"Yahyapour R","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yahyapour R; Motevaseli E; Rezaeyan A; Abdollahi H; Farhood B; Cheki M; Rezapoor S; Shabeeb D; Musa AE; Najafi M; Reduction-oxidation (redox) system in radiation-induced normal tissue injury: molecular mechanisms and implications in radiation therapeutics. Clin Transl Oncol 2018,20(8),975-988","journal-title":"Clin Transl Oncol"},{"key":"ref=93","first-page":"1805","volume":"77","author":"Hasan Kadhim A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hasan Kadhim A.; Shamkhi Noor A.; Amer Ali M.; The effectiveness of biotin (vitamin B7) added to the diet in improving the efficiency of productivity, and some physiological traits for broiler chickens (ross-308) exposed to oxidative stress. Arch Razi Inst 2022,77(5),1805-1811","journal-title":"Arch Razi Inst"},{"key":"ref=94","first-page":"853","volume":"77","author":"Varadhan S.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Varadhan S.; Venkatachalam R.; Perumal S.; Ayyamkulamkara S.; Evaluation of oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant status in coronary artery disease patients. Arch Razi Inst 2022,77(2),853-859","journal-title":"Arch Razi Inst"},{"key":"ref=95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152536","volume":"442","author":"Said R.S.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Said R.S.; Mohamed H.A.; Kassem D.H.; Alpha-lipoic acid effectively attenuates ionizing radiation-mediated testicular dysfunction in rats: Crosstalk of NF-\u0138B, TGF-\u03b2, and PPAR-\u03d2 pathways. Toxicology 2020,442,152536","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref=96","first-page":"734","volume":"48","author":"El-Dein E.","year":"2016","unstructured":"El-Dein E.; Anees L.M.; Aly S.M.E.; Effects of \u03b1-lipoic acid on \u03b3-radiation and lindane-induced heart toxicity in rats. Pak J Zool 2016,48(5),734","journal-title":"Pak J Zool"},{"key":"ref=97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487009123336","volume":"69","author":"Winther F.\u00d8.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Winther F.\u00d8.; X-ray irradiation of the inner ear of the guinea pig. An electron microscopic study of the degenerating outer hair cells of the organ of Corti. Acta Otolaryngol 1970,69(1-6),61-76","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"ref=98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2014.10.012","volume":"1850","author":"Sekine S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sekine S.; Ichijo H.; Mitochondrial proteolysis: Its emerging roles in stress responses. Biochim Biophys Acta, Gen Subj 2015,1850(2),274-280","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta, Gen Subj"},{"key":"ref=99","first-page":"226","volume":"14","author":"Kidd PM","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kidd PM; Bioavailability and activity of phytosome complexes from botanical polyphenols: the silymarin, curcumin, green tea, and grape seed extracts. Altern Med Rev 2009,14(3),226-246","journal-title":"Altern Med Rev"},{"key":"ref=100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17226","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-6934-4","volume":"23","author":"Sheweita S.A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sheweita S.A.; Al-Shora S.; Hassan M.; Effects of benzo[a]pyrene as an environmental pollutant and two natural antioxidants on biomarkers of reproductive dysfunction in male rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016,23(17),17226-17235","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"ref=101","first-page":"863","volume":"131","author":"M\u00fczes G.","year":"1990","unstructured":"M\u00fczes G.; De\u00e1k G.; L\u00e1ng I.; N\u00e9k\u00e1m K.; Niederland V.; Feh\u00e9r J.; Effect of silimarin (Legalon) therapy on the antioxidant defense mechanism and lipid peroxidation in alcoholic liver disease (double blind protocol). Orv Hetil 1990,131(16),863-866","journal-title":"Orv Hetil"},{"key":"ref=102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.10.024","volume":"115","author":"Ligeret H.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ligeret H.; Brault A.; Vallerand D.; Haddad Y.; Haddad P.S.; Antioxidant and mitochondrial protective effects of silibinin in cold preservation\u2013warm reperfusion liver injury. J Ethnopharmacol 2008,115(3),507-514","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"ref=103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2020.145239","volume":"769","author":"Yard\u0131m A.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yard\u0131m A.; Kucukler S.; \u00d6zdemir S.; \u00c7omakl\u0131 S.; Caglayan C.; Kandemir F.M.; \u00c7elik H.; Silymarin alleviates docetaxel-induced central and peripheral neurotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats. Gene 2021,769,145239","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref=104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(03)00108-6","volume":"26","author":"Rolo AP","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rolo AP; Oliveira PJ; Moreno AJ; Palmeira CM; Protection against post-ischemic mitochondrial injury in rat liver by silymarin or TUDC. Hepatol Res 2003,26(3),217-224","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"ref=105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1296.127353","volume":"10","author":"Dong Y.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dong Y.; Tu J.; Zhou Y.; Zhou X.; Xu B.; Zhu S.Y.; Silybum marianum oil attenuates oxidative stress and ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in mice treated with D-galactose. Pharmacogn Mag 2014,10(37),92","journal-title":"Pharmacogn Mag"},{"key":"ref=106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118051","volume":"257","author":"Najafi M.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Najafi M.; Mortezaee K.; Rahimifard M.; Farhood B.; Haghi-Aminjan H.; The role of curcumin\/curcuminoids during gastric cancer chemotherapy: A systematic review of non-clinical study. Life Sci 2020,257,118051","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref=107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2003000200004","volume":"36","author":"Smaili S.S.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Smaili S.S.; Hsu Y.T.; Carvalho A.C.; Rosenstock T.R.; Sharpe J.C.; Youle R.J.; Mitochondria, calcium and pro-apoptotic proteins as mediators in cell death signaling. Brazil Med Biol Res 2003,36(2),183-190","journal-title":"Brazil Med Biol Res"},{"key":"ref=108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.05.009","volume":"228","author":"Mortezaee K.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mortezaee K.; Najafi M.; Farhood B.; Ahmadi A.; Potes Y.; Shabeeb D.; Musa A.E.; Modulation of apoptosis by melatonin for improving cancer treatment efficiency: An updated review. Life Sci 2019,228,228-241","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref=109","first-page":"968","volume":"22","author":"Akbari-Kordkheyli V.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akbari-Kordkheyli V.; Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi K.; Nejati-Laskokalayeh M.; Zarpou S.; Khonakdar-Tarsi A.; The protective effects of silymarin on ischemia-reperfusion injuries: A mechanistic review. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2019,22(9),968-976","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"ref=110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2007.00542.x","volume":"44","author":"Fischer T.W.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fischer T.W.; Zmijewski M.A.; Wortsman J.; Slominski A.; Melatonin maintains mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuates activation of initiator (casp-9) and effector caspases (casp-3\/casp-7) and PARP in UVR-exposed HaCaT keratinocytes. J Pineal Res 2008,44(4),397-407","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"key":"ref=111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11936","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.220252297","volume":"97","author":"Chao C.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chao C.; Saito S.; Anderson C.W.; Appella E.; Xu Y.; Phosphorylation of murine p53 at Ser-18 regulates the p53 responses to DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000,97(22),11936-11941","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"ref=112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9357","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.16.9357","volume":"273","author":"J\u00e4nicke R.U.","year":"1998","unstructured":"J\u00e4nicke R.U.; Sprengart M.L.; Wati M.R.; Porter A.G.; Caspase-3 is required for DNA fragmentation and morphological changes associated with apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1998,273(16),9357-9360","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref=113","first-page":"280","volume":"12","author":"Gondo H.K.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gondo H.K.; The effect of spirulina on apoptosis through the caspase-3 pathway in a Preeclamptic Wistar rat model. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2021,12(3),280-284","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"ref=114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3548706","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3548706","volume":"2021","author":"Shi W.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi W.; Hou X.; Bao X.; Hou W.; Jiang X.; Ma L.; Jiang X.; Dong L.; Mechanism and protection of radiotherapy induced sensorineural hearing loss for head and neck cancer. BioMed Res Int 2021,2021,3548706","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"ref=115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2006.8.1775","volume":"8","author":"McCubrey J.A.","year":"2006","unstructured":"McCubrey J.A.; LaHair M.M.; Franklin R.A.; Reactive oxygen species-induced activation of the MAP kinase signaling pathways. Antioxid Redox Signal 2006,8(9-10),1775-1789","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"ref=116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/wsbm.16","volume":"1","author":"Kholodenko B.N.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kholodenko B.N.; Birtwistle M.R.; Four-dimensional dynamics of MAPK information-processing systems. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med 2009,1(1),28-44","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Syst Biol Med"},{"key":"ref=117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169170","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/169170","volume":"2012","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Berriguete G","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Berriguete G; Fraile B; Mart\u00ednez-Onsurbe P; Olmedilla G; Paniagua R; Royuela M; MAP kinases and prostate cancer. J Signal Transduc 2012,2012,169170","journal-title":"J Signal Transduc"},{"key":"ref=118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3446","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28864","volume":"120","author":"Burotto M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Burotto M.; Chiou V.L.; Lee J.M.; Kohn E.C.; The MAPK pathway across different malignancies: A new perspective. Cancer 2014,120(22),3446-3456","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref=119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-1081","volume":"20","author":"Johnson G.L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johnson G.L.; Stuhlmiller T.J.; Angus S.P.; Zawistowski J.S.; Graves L.M.; Molecular pathways: adaptive kinome reprogramming in response to targeted inhibition of the BRAF-MEK-ERK pathway in cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2014,20(10),2516-2522","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref=120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3832","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M507951200","volume":"281","author":"Brown L.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brown L.; Benchimol S.; The involvement of MAPK signaling pathways in determining the cellular response to p53 activation: cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2006,281(7),3832-3840","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref=121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72739","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20286","volume":"8","author":"Kim J.H.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim J.H.; Jung M.H.; Kim J.P.; Kim H.J.; Jung J.H.; Hahm J.R.; Kang K.M.; Jeong B.K.; Woo S.H.; Alpha lipoic acid attenuates radiation-induced oral mucositis in rats. Oncotarget 2017,8(42),72739-72747","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref=122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29143","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.8661","volume":"7","author":"Kim J.H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim J.H.; Kim K.M.; Jung M.H.; Jung J.H.; Kang K.M.; Jeong B.K.; Kim J.P.; Park J.J.; Woo S.H.; Protective effects of alpha lipoic acid on radiation-induced salivary gland injury in rats. Oncotarget 2016,7(20),29143-29153","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref=123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106517","volume":"84","author":"Qiu X.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qiu X.; Dong K.; Guan J.; He J.; Hydrogen attenuates radiation-induced intestinal damage by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Int Immunopharmacol 2020,84,106517","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref=124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1684\/ecn.2013.0341","volume":"24","author":"Sherif I.O.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sherif I.O.; Al-Gayyar M.M.H.; Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of silymarin on hepatic dysfunction induced by sodium nitrite. Eur Cytokine Netw 2013,24(3),114-121","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"key":"ref=125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00116.x","volume":"101","author":"Song Z.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Song Z.; Song M.; Lee D.Y.W.; Liu Y.; Deaciuc I.V.; McClain C.J.; Silymarin prevents palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in HepG2 cells: Involvement of maintenance of Akt kinase activation. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007,101(4),262-268","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"ref=126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2010.04.009","volume":"63","author":"Aghazadeh S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aghazadeh S; Amini R; Yazdanparast R; Ghaffari SH; Anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of Silybum marianum in treatment of experimental steatohepatitis. Exper Toxicol Pathol 2011,63(6),569-574","journal-title":"Exper Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"ref=127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12398","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12398","volume":"41","author":"Kandemir F.M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kandemir F.M.; Kucukler S.; Caglayan C.; Gur C.; Batil A.A.; G\u00fcl\u00e7in \u0130.; Therapeutic effects of silymarin and naringin on methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Biochemical evaluation of anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antiautophagic properties. J Food Biochem 2017,41(5),e12398","journal-title":"J Food Biochem"},{"key":"ref=128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.207.4.2","volume":"4","author":"Katiyar S.K.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Katiyar S.K.; Roy A.M.; Baliga M.S.; Silymarin induces apoptosis primarily through a p53-dependent pathway involving Bcl-2\/Bax, cytochrome c release, and caspase activation. Mol Cancer Ther 2005,4(2),207-216","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"ref=129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2010.02.002","volume":"245","author":"Patel N.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Patel N.; Joseph C.; Corcoran G.B.; Ray S.D.; Silymarin modulates doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress, Bcl-xL and p53 expression while preventing apoptotic and necrotic cell death in the liver. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2010,245(2),143-152","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref=130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6800","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.12.6800","volume":"163","author":"Manna SK","year":"1999","unstructured":"Manna SK; Mukhopadhyay A; Van NT; Aggarwal BB; Silymarin suppresses TNF-induced activation of NF-kappa B, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and apoptosis. J Immunol 1999,163(12),6800-6809","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref=131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2014.072","volume":"22","author":"Kim E.J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim E.J.; Kim J.; Lee M.Y.; Sudhanva M.S.; Devakumar S.; Jeon Y.J.; Silymarin inhibits cytokine-stimulated pancreatic beta cells by blocking the ERK1\/2 pathway. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014,22(4),282-287","journal-title":"Biomol Ther (Seoul)"},{"key":"ref=132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2018.1513492","volume":"14","author":"Haghi-Aminjan H.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haghi-Aminjan H.; Farhood B.; Rahimifard M.; Didari T.; Baeeri M.; Hassani S.; Hosseini R.; Abdollahi M.; The protective role of melatonin in chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity: A systematic review of non-clinical studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018,14(9),937-950","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"key":"ref=133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5728","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27442","volume":"234","author":"Farhood B.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farhood B.; Mortezaee K.; Goradel N.H.; Khanlarkhani N.; Salehi E.; Nashtaei M.S.; Najafi M.; Sahebkar A.; Curcumin as an anti-inflammatory agent: Implications to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. J Cell Physiol 2019,234(5),5728-5740","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref=134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15105","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7874","volume":"7","author":"Jeong B.K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jeong B.K.; Song J.H.; Jeong H.; Choi H.S.; Jung J.H.; Hahm J.R.; Woo S.H.; Jung M.H.; Choi B.H.; Kim J.H.; Kang K.M.; Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on radiation-induced small intestine injury in mice. Oncotarget 2016,7(12),15105-15117","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref=135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-018-0156-7","volume":"5","author":"Yahyapour R.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yahyapour R.; Amini P.; Rezapour S.; Cheki M.; Rezaeyan A.; Farhood B.; Shabeeb D.; Musa A.E.; Fallah H.; Najafi M.; Radiation-induced inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Mil Med Res 2018,5(1),9","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"key":"ref=136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2011.00098","volume":"2","author":"Multhoff G.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Multhoff G.; Molls M.; Radons J.; Chronic inflammation in cancer development. Front Immunol 2012,2,98","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref=137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20173","volume":"50","author":"Waetzig V.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Waetzig V.; Czeloth K.; Hidding U.; Mielke K.; Kanzow M.; Brecht S.; Goetz M.; Lucius R.; Herdegen T.; Hanisch U.K.; c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) mediate pro-inflammatory actions of microglia. Glia 2005,50(3),235-246","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref=138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.2000.0688","volume":"12","author":"Lee Y.B.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lee Y.B.; Schrader J.W.; Kim S.U.; p38 map kinase regulates tnf-\u03b1 production in human astrocytes and microglia by multiple mechanisms. Cytokine 2000,12(7),874-880","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref=139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.02.050","volume":"393","author":"Min A.K.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Min A.K.; Kim M.K.; Seo H.Y.; Kim H.S.; Jang B.K.; Hwang J.S.; Choi H.S.; Lee K.U.; Park K.G.; Lee I.K.; Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits hepatic PAI-1 expression and fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-\u03b2 signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010,393(3),536-541","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref=140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2015.00077","volume":"8","author":"Shih R.H.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shih R.H.; Wang C.Y.; Yang C.M.; NF-kappaB Signaling Pathways in Neurological Inflammation: A Mini Review. Front Mol Neurosci 2015,8,77","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"ref=141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(98)01409-4","volume":"440","author":"Saliou C.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Saliou C.; Rihn B.; Cillard J.; Okamoto T.; Packer L.; Selective inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by the flavonoid hepatoprotector silymarin in HepG2. Evidence for different activating pathways. FEBS Lett 1998,440(1-2),8-12","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"ref=142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a001651","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a001651","volume":"1","author":"Lawrence T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lawrence T.; The nuclear factor NF-kappaB pathway in inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2009,1(6),a001651","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"ref=143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.03.053","volume":"269","author":"Ramasamy K.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ramasamy K.; Agarwal R.; Multitargeted therapy of cancer by silymarin. Cancer Lett 2008,269(2),352-362","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"ref=144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-013-0949-x","volume":"387","author":"Abdel-Raheem I.T.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Abdel-Raheem I.T.; Khedr N.F.; Renoprotective effects of montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist, against methotrexate-induced kidney damage in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2014,387(4),341-353","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref=145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.12.005","volume":"49","author":"Trivedi PP","year":"2011","unstructured":"Trivedi PP; Tripathi DN; Jena GB; Hesperetin protects testicular toxicity of doxorubicin in rat: role of NF\u03baB, p38 and caspase-3. Food Chem Toxicol 2011,49(4),838-847","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"ref=146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-022-02561-7","volume":"22","author":"Moutabian H.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moutabian H.; Majdaeen M.; Ghahramani-Asl R.; Yadollahi M.; Gharepapagh E.; Ataei G.; Falahatpour Z.; Bagheri H.; Farhood B.; A systematic review of the therapeutic effects of resveratrol in combination with 5-fluorouracil during colorectal cancer treatment: With a special focus on the oxidant, apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cancer Cell Int 2022,22(1),142","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"},{"key":"ref=147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2018.03.026","volume":"118","author":"Raj V.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Raj V.; Bhadauria A.S.; Singh A.K.; Kumar U.; Rai A.; Keshari A.K.; Kumar P.; Kumar D.; Maity B.; Nath S.; Prakash A.; Ansari K.M.; Jat J.L.; Saha S.; Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazoles inhibit colorectal cancer via blockade of IL-6\/COX-2 mediated JAK2\/STAT3 signals as evidenced through data-based mathematical modeling. Cytokine 2019,118,144-159","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref=148","first-page":"104","volume":"12","author":"Banerjee P.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Banerjee P.; Kumar T.; Sarangi S.C.; Meetei U.D.; Devi A.S.; Kumar R.; Anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous extract of Elsoltzia stachyodes on experimental models of inflammation in rats. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2021,12(1),104","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"ref=149","first-page":"617","volume":"17","author":"Kim D.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim D.; Choi Y.; Ki Y.; Cho K.; Choi Y.; Kim W.; Topically applied melatonin ameliorates radiation-induced skin fibrosis in mice. Int J Radiat Res 2019,17(4),617-624","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Res"},{"key":"ref=150","first-page":"98","volume":"30","author":"Hussain S.A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hussain S.A.; Jassim N.A.; Numan I.T.; Al-Khalifa I.I.; Abdullah T.A.; Anti-inflammatory activity of silymarin in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A comparative study with piroxicam and meloxicam. Saudi Med J 2009,30(1),98-103","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"ref=151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2016.52","volume":"31","author":"Hussain S.A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hussain S.A.; Mortada A.H.; Jasim N.A.; Gorial F.I.; Silibinin improves the effects of methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: Pilot clinical study. Oman Med J 2016,31(4),263-269","journal-title":"Oman Med J"},{"key":"ref=152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12448","volume":"42","author":"Zhao F.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao F.; Shi D.; Li T.; Li L.; Zhao M.; Silymarin attenuates paraquat-induced lung injury via Nrf2-mediated pathway in vivo and in vitro. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015,42(9),988-998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"ref=153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671-681","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.09.021","volume":"138","author":"Morishima C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morishima C; Shuhart MC; Wang CC; Paschal DM; Apodaca MC; Liu Y; Sloan DD; Graf TN; Oberlies NH; Lee DY; Silymarin inhibits in vitro T-cell proliferation and cytokine production in hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology 2010,138(2),671-681-e671-672","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref=154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1996.tb06014.x","volume":"48","author":"De La Puerta R.","year":"2011","unstructured":"De La Puerta R.; Martinez E.; Bravo L.; Ahumada M.C.; Effect of silymarin on different acute inflammation models and on leukocyte migration. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011,48(9),968-970","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref=155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2016.3370","volume":"12","author":"Jin Y.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jin Y.; Zhao X.; Zhang H.; Li Q.; Lu G.; Zhao X.; Modulatory effect of silymarin on pulmonary vascular dysfunction through HIF-1\u03b1-iNOS following rat lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2016,12(2),1135-1140","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"ref=156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.02.025","volume":"50","author":"Li CC","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li CC; Hsiang CY; Wu SL; Ho TY; Identification of novel mechanisms of silymarin on the carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice by nuclear factor-\u03baB bioluminescent imaging-guided transcriptomic analysis. Food Chem Toxicol 2012,50(5),1568-1575","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"ref=157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2009.12.017","volume":"61","author":"Gharagozloo M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gharagozloo M.; Velardi E.; Bruscoli S.; Agostini M.; Di Sante M.; Donato V.; Amirghofran Z.; Riccardi C.; Silymarin suppress CD4+ T cell activation and proliferation: Effects on NF-\u03baB activity and IL-2 production. Pharmacol Res 2010,61(5),405-409","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref=158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.02.023","volume":"50","author":"Trappoliere M.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Trappoliere M.; Caligiuri A.; Schmid M.; Bertolani C.; Failli P.; Vizzutti F.; Novo E.; Manzano C.; Marra F.; Loguercio C.; Pinzani M.; Silybin, a component of sylimarin, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrogenic effects on human hepatic stellate cells. J Hepatol 2009,50(6),1102-1111","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"ref=159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2017.06.022","volume":"273","author":"Arafa Keshk W.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arafa Keshk W.; Zahran S.M.; Katary M.A.; Abd-Elaziz Ali D.; Modulatory effect of silymarin on nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 regulated redox status, nuclear factor-\u03baB mediated inflammation and apoptosis in experimental gastric ulcer. Chem Biol Interact 2017,273,266-272","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"ref=160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2016.04.069","volume":"204","author":"Younis N.N.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Younis N.N.; Shaheen M.A.; Mahmoud M.F.; Silymarin preconditioning protected insulin resistant rats from liver ischemia-reperfusion injury: role of endogenous H2S. J Surg Res 2016,204(2),398-409","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"ref=161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01251-y","volume":"37","author":"Gillessen A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gillessen A.; Schmidt H.H.J.; Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: A Narrative Review. Adv Ther 2020,37(4),1279-1301","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"ref=162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.641","volume":"8","author":"Khazaei R.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khazaei R.; Seidavi A.; Bouyeh M.; A review on the mechanisms of the effect of silymarin in milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ) on some laboratory animals. Vet Med Sci 2022,8(1),289-301","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"ref=163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.11.069","volume":"456","author":"Nambiar D.K.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nambiar D.K.; Rajamani P.; Singh R.P.; Silibinin attenuates ionizing radiation-induced pro-angiogenic response and EMT in prostate cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015,456(1),262-268","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"ref=164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5402","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.26693","volume":"119","author":"Prack Mc Cormick B.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Prack Mc Cormick B.; Langle Y.; Belgorosky D.; Vanzulli S.; Balarino N.; Sandes E.; Eij\u00e1n A.M.; Flavonoid silybin improves the response to radiotherapy in invasive bladder cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018,119(7),5402-5412","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref=165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2722","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-15-0348","volume":"14","author":"Nambiar D.K.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nambiar D.K.; Rajamani P.; Deep G.; Jain A.K.; Agarwal R.; Singh R.P.; Silibinin preferentially radiosensitizes prostate cancer by inhibiting DNA repair signaling. Mol Cancer Ther 2015,14(12),2722-2734","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther"},{"key":"ref=166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-812373-7.00010-3","author":"Dheeraj A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dheeraj A.; Tailor D.; Singh S.P.; Singh R.P.; Anticancer attributes of silibinin: Chemo-and radiosensitization of cancer. Role of Nutraceuticals in Cancer Chemosensitization 2018,199-220","journal-title":"Role of Nutraceuticals in Cancer Chemosensitization"},{"key":"ref=167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6361","volume":"33","author":"Soleimani V.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Soleimani V.; Delghandi P.S.; Moallem S.A.; Karimi G.; Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review. Phytother Res 2019,33(6),1627-1638","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"ref=168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22111942","volume":"22","author":"Bijak M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bijak M.; Silybin, a major bioactive component of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaernt.)\u2014chemistry, bioavailability, and metabolism. Molecules 2017,22(11),1942","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref=169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00498","volume":"8","author":"Amawi H.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amawi H.; Hussein N.A.; Karthikeyan C.; Manivannan E.; Wisner A.; Williams F.E.; Samuel T.; Trivedi P.; Ashby C.R.; Tiwari A.K.; HM015k, a novel silybin derivative, multi-targets metastatic ovarian cancer cells and is safe in zebrafish toxicity studies. Front Pharmacol 2017,8,498","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref=170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.796","volume":"16","author":"Kosina P.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kosina P.; Kren V.; Gebhardt R.; Grambal F.; Ulrichov\u00e1 J.; Walterov\u00e1 D.; Antioxidant properties of silybin glycosides. Phytother Res 2002,16(Suppl. 1),S33-S39","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"ref=171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9050455","volume":"9","author":"Dobiasov\u00e1 S.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dobiasov\u00e1 S.; \u0158eho\u0159ov\u00e1 K.; Ku\u010derov\u00e1 D.; Biedermann D.; K\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e1 K.; Petr\u00e1skov\u00e1 L.; Kouck\u00e1 K.; V\u00e1clav\u00edkov\u00e1 R.; Valentov\u00e1 K.; Ruml T.; Multidrug resistance modulation activity of silybin derivatives and their anti-inflammatory potential. Antioxidants 2020,9(5),455","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"ref=172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.3987\/COM-00-S(I)89","volume":"54","author":"Sim\u00e1nek V.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sim\u00e1nek V.; Kubisch J.; Sedmera P.; Halada P.; Gaz\u00e1k R.; Skottov\u00e1 N.; Kren V.; Chemoenzymatic preparation of oligoglycosides of silybin, the flavonolignan from Silybum marianum. Heterocycles 2001,54(2),901-915","journal-title":"Heterocycles"},{"key":"ref=173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1006\/phrs.2001.0854","volume":"44","author":"\u0160kottov\u00e1 N.","year":"2001","unstructured":"\u0160kottov\u00e1 N.; \u0160Vagera Z.; Ve\u010de\u0159a R.; Urb\u00e1nek K.; Jegorov A.; \u0160im\u00e1nek V.; Pharmacokinetic study of iodine-labeled silibinins in rat. Pharmacol Res 2001,44(3),247-253","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"ref=174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2005.06.020","volume":"215","author":"Pl\u00ed\u0161kov\u00e1 M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pl\u00ed\u0161kov\u00e1 M.; Vondr\u00e1\u010dek J.; K\u0159en V.; Ga\u017e\u00e1k R.; Sedmera P.; Walterov\u00e1 D.; Psotov\u00e1 J.; \u0160im\u00e1nek V.; Machala M.; Effects of silymarin flavonolignans and synthetic silybin derivatives on estrogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. Toxicology 2005,215(1-2),80-89","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref=175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2017.04.012","volume":"119","author":"Roubalov\u00e1 L.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roubalov\u00e1 L.; Dinkova-Kostova A.T.; Biedermann D.; K\u0159en V.; Ulrichov\u00e1 J.; Vrba J.; Flavonolignan 2,3-dehydrosilydianin activates Nrf2 and upregulates NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 in Hepa1c1c7 cells. Fitoterapia 2017,119,115-120","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref=176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.014","volume":"90","author":"Pyszkov\u00e1 M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pyszkov\u00e1 M.; Biler M.; Biedermann D.; Valentov\u00e1 K.; Kuzma M.; Vrba J.; Ulrichov\u00e1 J.; Sokolov\u00e1 R.; Mojovi\u0107 M.; Popovi\u0107-Bijeli\u0107 A.; Kubala M.; Trouillas P.; K\u0159en V.; Vacek J.; Flavonolignan 2,3-dehydroderivatives: Preparation, antiradical and cytoprotective activity. Free Radic Biol Med 2016,90,114-125","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"ref=177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7732","DOI":"10.1021\/jm900735p","volume":"52","author":"Yang L.X.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang L.X.; Huang K.X.; Li H.B.; Gong J.X.; Wang F.; Feng Y.B.; Tao Q.F.; Wu Y.H.; Li X.K.; Wu X.M.; Zeng S.; Spencer S.; Zhao Y.; Qu J.; Design, synthesis, and examination of neuron protective properties of alkenylated and amidated dehydro-silybin derivatives. J Med Chem 2009,52(23),7732-7752","journal-title":"J Med Chem"},{"key":"ref=178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-019-01928-7","volume":"311","author":"Rajnochov\u00e1 Svobodov\u00e1 A.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rajnochov\u00e1 Svobodov\u00e1 A.; Gabrielov\u00e1 E.; Ulrichov\u00e1 J.; Z\u00e1le\u0161\u00e1k B.; Biedermann D.; Vost\u00e1lov\u00e1 J.; A pilot study of the UVA-photoprotective potential of dehydrosilybin, isosilybin, silychristin, and silydianin on human dermal fibroblasts. Arch Dermatol Res 2019,311(6),477-490","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"ref=179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23102594","volume":"23","author":"Drouet S.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Drouet S.; Doussot J.; Garros L.; Mathiron D.; Bassard S.; Favre-R\u00e9guillon A.; Molini\u00e9 R.; Lain\u00e9 \u00c9.; Hano C.; Selective Synthesis of 3-O-Palmitoyl-Silybin, a New-to-nature flavonolignan with increased protective action against oxidative damages in lipophilic media. Molecules 2018,23(10),2594","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref=180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24112155","volume":"24","author":"Di Costanzo A.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Di Costanzo A.; Angelico R.; Formulation strategies for enhancing the bioavailability of silymarin: The state of the art. Molecules 2019,24(11),2155","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref=181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1166\/jbn.2007.024","volume":"3","author":"He J.","year":"2007","unstructured":"He J.; Hou S.; Lu W.; Zhu L.; Feng J.; Preparation, pharmacokinetics and body distribution of silymarin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles after oral administration. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2007,3(2),195-202","journal-title":"J Biomed Nanotechnol"},{"key":"ref=182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2018.09.003","volume":"9","author":"Yousaf A.M.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yousaf A.M.; Malik U.R.; Shahzad Y.; Mahmood T.; Hussain T.; Silymarin-laden PVP-PEG polymeric composite for enhanced aqueous solubility and dissolution rate: Preparation and in vitro characterization. J Pharm Anal 2019,9(1),34-39","journal-title":"J Pharm Anal"},{"key":"ref=183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2019.03.064","volume":"563","author":"Ibrahim A.H.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ibrahim A.H.; Rosqvist E.; Sm\u00e5tt J.H.; Ibrahim H.M.; Ismael H.R.; Afouna M.I.; Samy A.M.; Rosenholm J.M.; Formulation and optimization of lyophilized nanosuspension tablets to improve the physicochemical properties and provide immediate release of silymarin. Int J Pharm 2019,563,217-227","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"ref=184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-018-0391-9","volume":"16","author":"Liang J.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liang J.; Liu Y.; Liu J.; Li Z.; Fan Q.; Jiang Z.; Yan F.; Wang Z.; Huang P.; Feng N.; Chitosan-functionalized lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for oral delivery of silymarin and enhanced lipid-lowering effect in NAFLD. J Nanobiotechnol 2018,16(1),64","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"ref=185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajps.2014.12.001","volume":"10","author":"Yang G.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang G.; Zhao Y.; Feng N.; Zhang Y.; Liu Y.; Dang B.; Improved dissolution and bioavailability of silymarin delivered by a solid dispersion prepared using supercritical fluids. Asian J Pharmaceut Sci 2015,10(3),194-202","journal-title":"Asian J Pharmaceut Sci"},{"key":"ref=186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-019-00640-3","volume":"9","author":"Nasr S.S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nasr S.S.; Nasra M.M.A.; Hazzah H.A.; Abdallah O.Y.; Mesoporous silica nanoparticles, a safe option for silymarin delivery: Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2019,9(5),968-979","journal-title":"Drug Deliv Transl Res"},{"key":"ref=187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2017.05.019","volume":"40","author":"Nagi A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nagi A.; Iqbal B.; Kumar S.; Sharma S.; Ali J.; Baboota S.; Quality by design based silymarin nanoemulsion for enhancement of oral bioavailability. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2017,40,35-44","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref=188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-110052","volume":"83","author":"Piazzini V.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Piazzini V.; Rosseti C.; Bigagli E.; Luceri C.; Bilia A.; Bergonzi M.; Prediction of permeation and cellular transport of Silybum marianum extract formulated in a nanoemulsion by using PAMPA and Caco-2 cell models. Planta Med 2017,83(14\/15),1184-1193","journal-title":"Planta Med"},{"key":"ref=189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02977782","volume":"30","author":"Woo J.S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Woo J.S.; Kim T.S.; Park J.H.; Chi S.C.; Formulation and biopharmaceutical evaluation of silymarin using SMEDDS. Arch Pharm Res 2007,30(1),82-89","journal-title":"Arch Pharm Res"},{"key":"ref=190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm-2017-0394","volume":"13","author":"El-Far M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"El-Far M.; Salah N.; Essam A.; Abd El-Azim A.O.; El-Sherbiny I.M.; Silymarin nanoformulation as potential anticancer agent in experimental Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing animals. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018,13(15),1865-1858","journal-title":"Nanomedicine (Lond)"},{"key":"ref=191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2015.08.006","volume":"792","author":"Adhikari M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Adhikari M.; Arora R.; Nano-silymarin provides protection against \u03b3-radiation-induced oxidative stress in cultured human embryonic kidney cells. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2015,792,1-11","journal-title":"Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen"},{"key":"ref=192","first-page":"1446","volume":"24","author":"Azadpour M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Azadpour M.; Farajollahi M.M.; Dariushnejad H.; Varzi A.M.; Varezardi A.; Barati M.; Effects of synthetic silymarin-PLGA nanoparticles on M2 polarization and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-treated murine peritoneal macrophages. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2021,24(10),1446-1454","journal-title":"Iran J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"ref=193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina54010001","volume":"54","author":"Mombeini M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mombeini M.; Saki G.; Khorsandi L.; Bavarsad N.; Effects of silymarin-loaded nanoparticles on HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Medicina (Kaunas) 2018,54(1),1","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"ref=194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phanu.2021.100253","volume":"15","author":"Hosseini S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hosseini S.; Rezaei S.; Moghaddam M.R.N.; Elyasi S.; Karimi G.; Evaluation of oral nano-silymarin formulation efficacy on prevention of radiotherapy induced mucositis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. PharmaNutrition 2021,15,100253","journal-title":"PharmaNutrition"}],"container-title":["Current Medicinal Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/article\/download?doi=10.2174\/0929867330666221124155339","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/211227\/article","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/article\/download?doi=10.2174\/0929867330666221124155339","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T19:56:55Z","timestamp":1693684615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/211227\/article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":194,"journal-issue":{"issue":"33","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["LiveAll1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0929867330666221124155339","relation":{},"ISSN":["0929-8673"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0929-8673","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2022-07-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-13","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-09-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}