{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T01:43:14Z","timestamp":1790991794857,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"28","content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CPD"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title\/>\n<jats:p>Optic neuropathies refer to the dysfunction or degeneration of optic nerve fibers caused by any reasons\nincluding ischemia, inflammation, trauma, tumor, mitochondrial dysfunction, toxins, nutritional deficiency, inheritance,\netc. Post-mitotic CNS neurons, including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) intrinsically have a limited\ncapacity for axon growth after either trauma or disease, leading to irreversible vision loss. In recent years, an\nincreasing number of laboratory evidence has evaluated optic nerve injuries, focusing on molecular signaling\npathways involved in RGC death. Trophic factor deprivation (TFD), inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial\ndysfunction, glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, ischemia, hypoxia, etc. have been recognized as important\nmolecular mechanisms leading to RGC apoptosis. Understanding these obstacles provides a better view to find\nout new strategies against retinal cell damage. Melatonin, as a wide-spectrum antioxidant and powerful freeradical\nscavenger, has the ability to protect RGCs or other cells against a variety of deleterious conditions such as\noxidative\/nitrosative stress, hypoxia\/ischemia, inflammatory processes, and apoptosis. In this review, we primarily\nhighlight the molecular regenerative and degenerative mechanisms involved in RGC survival\/death and then\nsummarize the possible protective effects of melatonin in the process of RGC death in some ocular diseases including\noptic neuropathies. Based on the information provided in this review, melatonin may act as a promising\nagent to reduce RGC death in various retinal pathologic conditions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612825666190829151314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,30]],"date-time":"2019-08-30T09:35:26Z","timestamp":1567157726000},"page":"3057-3073","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Melatonin As a Modulator of Degenerative and Regenerative Signaling Pathways in Injured Retinal Ganglion Cells"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Kobra B.","family":"Juybari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Hosseinzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habib","family":"Ghaznavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahboobeh","family":"Kamali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahad","family":"Sedaghat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1217-3470","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Saeed","family":"Mehrzadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masood","family":"Naseripour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"965","container-title":["Current Pharmaceutical Design"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/eurekaselect.com\/article\/download\/174549","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T10:50:23Z","timestamp":1571655023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.eurekaselect.com\/174549\/article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"28","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]]}},"alternative-id":["LiveAll1"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1381612825666190829151314","relation":{},"ISSN":["1381-6128"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1381-6128","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Peer Reviewed","order":0,"name":"review_status","label":"Review Status","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review Process","group":{"name":"peer_review_details","label":"Peer Review Details"}},{"value":"Checked with iThenticate","order":0,"name":"screening_status","label":"Screening Status","group":{"name":"plagiarism_screening","label":"Plagiarism Screening"}},{"value":"2019-03-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}