{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T09:09:23Z","timestamp":1771924163203,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.","issue":"8","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council, Ministry of Health Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NMRC\/CNIG\/1121\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/CNIG\/1121\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eurekaselect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CDM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background: :<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) develops in 10-15% of patients who receive nephrotoxic medications. Urinary biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction may detect nephrotoxicity early and predict AKI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods::<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively studied patients who received aminoglycosides, vancomycin, amphotericin, or calcineurin inhibitors, and collected their serial urine while on therapy. Patients who developed drug-induced AKI (fulfilling KDIGO criteria) were matched with non-AKI controls in a 1:2 ratio. Their urine samples were batch-analyzed at time-intervals leading up to AKI onset; the latter benchmarked against the final day of nephrotoxic therapy in non- AKI controls. Biomarkers examined include clusterin, beta-2-microglobulin, KIM1, MCP1, cystatin-C, trefoil-factor- 3, NGAL, interleukin-18, GST-Pi, calbindin, and osteopontin; biomarkers were normalized with corresponding urine creatinine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results::<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine of 84 (11%) patients developed drug-induced AKI. Biomarkers from 7 AKI cases with pre-AKI samples were compared with those from 14 non-AKI controls. Corresponding mean ages were 55(\u00b117) and 52(\u00b116) years; baseline eGFR were 99(\u00b121) and 101(\u00b124) mL\/min\/1.73m2 (all p=NS). Most biomarker levels peaked before the onset of AKI. Median levels of 5 biomarkers were significantly higher in AKI cases than controls at 1-3 days before AKI onset (all \u00b5g\/mmol): clusterin [58(8-411) versus 7(3-17)], beta-2-microglobulin [1632(913-3823) versus 253(61-791)], KIM1 [0.16(0.13-0.76) versus 0.07(0.05-0.15)], MCP1 [0.40(0.16-1.90) versus 0.07(0.04-0.17)], and cystatin-C [33(27-2990) versus 11(7-19)], all p&lt;0.05; their AUROC for AKI prediction were &gt;0.80 (confidence intervals &gt;0.50), with average accuracy highest for clusterin (86%), followed by beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin-C, MCP1, and KIM1 (57%) after cross-validation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion: :<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serial surveillance of these biomarkers could improve the lead time for nephrotoxicity detection by days.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200220666190711114504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T09:14:29Z","timestamp":1562922869000},"page":"656-664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Serial Quantification of Urinary Protein Biomarkers to Predict Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Da","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Akalya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanusya","family":"Murali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anantharaman","family":"Vathsala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuen-Seng","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanmay","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ning","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boon-Wee","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Titus","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lizhen","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Horng-Ruey","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University Medicine Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"965","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3250","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw296","volume":"71","author":"Ong L.Z.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ong L.Z.; Tambyah P.A.; Lum L.H.; Low Z.J.; Cheng I.; Murali T.M.; Wan M.Q.; Chua H.R.; Aminoglycoside-associated acute kidney injury in elderly patients with and without shock. 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