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Confirmed cases have shown no\ntravel history to the endemic regions as seen in the past. The World Health Organization declared monkeypox a\nglobal public health emergency in July 2022, and the United States government followed suit one month later. The\ncurrent outbreak, in contrast to traditional epidemics, has high coinfection rates, particularly with HIV (human immunodeficiency\nvirus), and to a lesser extent with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2),\nthe pathogen of COVID-19. No drugs have been approved specifically for monkeypox. However, there are therapeutic\nagents authorized to treat monkeypox under the Investigational New Drug protocol, including brincidofovir,\ncidofovir, and tecovirimat. In contrast to limited options for monkeypox treatment, there are available drugs specifically\nfor HIV or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interestingly, these HIV and COVID-19 medicines share metabolism pathways\nwith those authorized to treat monkeypox, particularly of hydrolysis, phosphorylation, and active membrane\ntransport. This review discusses how these pathways shared by these medicines should be considered to gain therapeutic\nsynergy and maximize safety for treating monkeypox coinfections.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2174\/1389200224666230607124102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T05:44:58Z","timestamp":1686203098000},"page":"240-249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/bsp_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metabolism Pathways of Major Therapeutics for Treating Monkeypox Mono- and\nCo-infection with Human Immunodeficient Virus or SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.2174","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Daisy","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, 609 Albany Street Boston, MA, 02118, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingfang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division\nof Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. 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